What is a common method of screening for testicular cancer?

A. Avoiding tobacco smoke and secondhand smoke: Avoiding tobacco smoke is a primary prevention effort to reduce the risk of developing cancers, including thyroid cancer. Tobacco smoke contains carcinogens that can increase the risk of cancer, including thyroid cancer.

B. Living in areas with high air pollution: Living in areas with high air pollution increases the risk of respiratory and other cancers, it is not a preventive measure. Exposure to pollutants can contribute to carcinogen exposure, raising the risk of cancers, including thyroid cancer.

C. Using tanning beds for vitamin D exposure: Using tanning beds exposes individuals to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which increases the risk of skin cancer. It does not prevent thyroid cancer and, in fact, increases the risk of other cancers.

D. Regular consumption of red meat: Regular consumption of red meat is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, but it is not linked to thyroid cancer. A diet rich in processed meats may contribute to carcinogen exposure but does not protect against thyroid cancer.

A. Being a white male: Although the incidence of CML may vary by gender and ethnicity, being a white male is not a specific or major risk factor for CML. CML can affect individuals of any race or gender.

B. Hormone therapy: Hormone therapy is not a primary risk factor for CML. While hormone therapies may increase the risk of other types of cancer like breast and prostate, they are not associated with the development of chronic myelogenous leukemia.

C. Chemotherapy: Previous chemotherapy treatment is a known risk factor for developing CML. Certain chemotherapy agents, especially alkylating agents, can cause DNA damage that leads to mutations associated with leukemia.

D. Under the age of 50 years old: CML is more common in adults over the age of 50, with the median age of diagnosis being around 60 years. Younger individuals, particularly those under 50, are less likely to develop CML, making age under 50 not a typical risk factor.

E. Radiation exposure: Exposure to ionizing radiation is a well-established risk factor for the development of CML. Individuals who have had significant radiation exposure, such as atomic bomb survivors or those who received radiation therapy, have an increased risk of developing leukemia.