What is the condition in which a blood clot or undissolved mass is carried by the blood through the circulatory vessels, causing obstructed circulation?
Aneurysm
Hemorrhage
Thrombus
Embolus
The Correct Answer is D
A. Aneurysm. An aneurysm is a structural bulge in the vessel wall, not a traveling mass.
B. Hemorrhage. This is the escape of blood from a ruptured vessel (bleeding).
C. Thrombus. A thrombus is a stationary clot.
D. Embolus. An embolus is any detached, traveling intravascular mass (solid, liquid, or gas) that is capable of clogging arterial capillary beds at a site distant from its point of origin.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Phlebitis. Phlebitis is inflammation of a vein, typically causing localized redness and warmth, not severe abdominal/back pain.
B. Aneurysm. Specifically, this describes an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Sudden, severe back/abdominal pain in a patient with hypertension is a classic sign of an aneurysm that is enlarging or rupturing.
C. Embolus. An embolus would cause sudden lack of blood flow to a distal limb or organ (ischemia), rather than a localized dilation of a major artery.
D. Thrombus. A thrombus is the clot itself; while it can form inside an aneurysm, the "dilation" of the artery is the aneurysm.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. High fat diet and hyperoxia. High fat diets are linked to atherosclerosis, not sickle cell crises. Hypoxia (low oxygen), not hyperoxia (excess oxygen), triggers sickling.
B. Reduced stress and warm environmental temperature. These are actually preventative measures. Stress and cold temperatures cause vasoconstriction, which triggers crises.
C. Acidosis and dehydration. Dehydration increases blood viscosity (thickness), and acidosis decreases hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen. Both conditions promote the sickling of red blood cells, leading to vessel occlusion.
D. Alkalosis and insomnia. Acidosis, not alkalosis, is the trigger. While exhaustion is a factor, insomnia itself is not a primary physiological trigger compared to dehydration.
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