What is the correct number of cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral vertebrae respectively?
7, 12, 5, 5
7, 5, 5, 12
5, 7, 12, 5
12, 7, 5, 5
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: The human vertebral column consists of 7 cervical vertebrae in the neck, 12 thoracic vertebrae in the upper back, 5 lumbar vertebrae in the lower back, and 5 sacral vertebrae that are fused to form the sacrum. This is the anatomically correct sequence and count.
Choice B reason: This sequence incorrectly places 5 thoracic vertebrae and 12 sacral vertebrae, which does not align with human anatomy. Thoracic vertebrae are always 12, and sacral vertebrae are typically 5 fused.
Choice C reason: This sequence misplaces the cervical and thoracic counts and is anatomically inaccurate.
Choice D reason: This sequence incorrectly places 12 cervical vertebrae and 7 thoracic vertebrae, which is not consistent with standard vertebral anatomy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Microfilaments are components of the cytoskeleton found in many cell types, including muscle cells, but they are not the structural and functional unit of skeletal muscle.
Choice B reason: The sarcomere is the correct answer. It is the smallest contractile unit of skeletal muscle, composed of actin and myosin filaments arranged in a precise pattern. Sarcomeres are responsible for the striated appearance and contraction of skeletal muscle.
Choice C reason: The sarcoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that stores and releases calcium ions necessary for muscle contraction. While essential, it is not the structural and functional unit.
Choice D reason: Trabeculae are structural elements found in spongy bone, not muscle tissue. They do not play a role in muscle contraction.
Choice E reason: A fascicle is a bundle of muscle fibers, not the smallest functional unit. It is a larger structural grouping within the muscle
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: The talus is a tarsal bone in the ankle that articulates with the tibia and fibula. It is not embedded within a tendon and therefore not classified as a sesamoid bone.
Choice B reason: The radius is a long bone in the forearm and is not embedded in a tendon. It does not meet the criteria for a sesamoid bone.
Choice C reason: The femur is the longest bone in the body and is classified as a long bone. It is not a sesamoid bone.
Choice D reason: The hamate is one of the carpal bones in the wrist. It is not embedded in a tendon and is not considered a sesamoid bone.
Choice E reason: The patella is the most prominent example of a sesamoid bone. It is embedded within the quadriceps tendon and functions to protect the knee joint and enhance leverage during leg extension.
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