What is the function of goblet cells?
Regulate red blood cell production in the bone marrow
Secrete mucus to trap dust and particles in the nasal cavity
Produce antibodies to fight infections
Generate platelets for blood clotting
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Regulate red blood cell production in the bone marrow is incorrect. Red blood cell production, or erythropoiesis, is controlled by erythropoietin, a hormone secreted primarily by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels. Goblet cells have no role in this process. They are epithelial cells specialized for mucus secretion, not involved in hematopoiesis or the regulation of blood cell production.
B. Secrete mucus to trap dust and particles in the nasal cavity is correct. Goblet cells are unicellular glands located within the epithelial lining of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Their main function is to produce mucus, a sticky secretion that traps dust, microbes, and other particles, preventing them from reaching delicate tissues. In the respiratory system, mucus works together with cilia in a process called the mucociliary escalator, which moves trapped particles upward and out of the airways to maintain pulmonary health. Goblet cells also help moisturize mucosal surfaces, protecting them from drying and injury.
C. Produce antibodies to fight infections is incorrect. Antibodies are proteins produced by B lymphocytes and plasma cells as part of the adaptive immune system. Goblet cells do not have the machinery to produce immunoglobulins or participate in specific immune responses. While mucus does provide some nonspecific immune protection by trapping pathogens, it is not involved in antibody production.
D. Generate platelets for blood clotting is incorrect. Platelets are fragments of cytoplasm derived from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and play a critical role in hemostasis. Goblet cells are unrelated to the clotting system and do not contribute to platelet formation or blood coagulation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Frequent respiratory infections and salty skin is correct. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, which affects chloride and sodium transport across epithelial cells. This leads to thick, sticky mucus in the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive systems. In the lungs, the mucus traps bacteria, resulting in recurrent respiratory infections, chronic cough, and progressive lung damage. The defective chloride transport also causes excessive sodium in sweat, making the skin taste salty. These manifestations are hallmark signs of CF.
B. Bloody sputum and barrel chest is incorrect. While barrel chest can develop in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases like emphysema, and bloody sputum may be present in advanced lung disease, these are not primary or early indicators of cystic fibrosis.
C. Painless open sores and petechiae are incorrect. These findings suggest hematologic or dermatologic disorders such as thrombocytopenia or vasculitis and are unrelated to cystic fibrosis.
D. Watery diarrhea and weight gain is incorrect. Cystic fibrosis commonly causes malabsorption and steatorrhea, leading to fatty, bulky stools and poor weight gain, rather than watery diarrhea and increased weight. Pancreatic enzyme insufficiency contributes to nutrient malabsorption.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. It promotes water reabsorption in distal tubules is correct. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also called vasopressin, is secreted by the posterior pituitary in response to increased plasma osmolality or decreased blood volume. ADH acts primarily on the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney, increasing their permeability to water by inserting aquaporin-2 channels into the tubular membranes. This allows water to move from the tubular lumen back into the bloodstream, concentrating the urine and expanding blood volume, thereby helping maintain blood pressure and plasma osmolality.
B. It enhances sodium retention in the loop of Henle is incorrect. Sodium reabsorption is primarily regulated by aldosterone, not ADH. While water follows sodium osmotic gradients, ADH’s effect on water reabsorption is independent of direct sodium regulation.
C. It decreases renal artery blood flow is incorrect. ADH does have vasoconstrictive properties via V1 receptors in high concentrations, but its primary role in normal physiology is water reabsorption, not reducing renal perfusion. Decreased renal blood flow is not the mechanism by which ADH increases blood volume.
D. It stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone is incorrect. Aldosterone secretion is primarily regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and plasma potassium levels, not by ADH. ADH increases blood volume directly through water retention, not indirectly via aldosterone release.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.