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What is the most common adverse effect of nitroglycerin for which the patient is monitored?

Hypertension

Diuresis

Bradycardia

Headache

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Nitroglycerin typically causes vasodilation and can lower blood pressure, rather than causing hypertension.

B. Diuresis, or increased urine production, is not a common adverse effect of nitroglycerin.

C. Nitroglycerin may cause a slight decrease in heart rate (bradycardia), but headache is a more common adverse effect.

D. Headache is the most common adverse effect of nitroglycerin, especially when first starting the medication or with dosage adjustments, due to vasodilation of blood vessels, including those in the head.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, dilate (widen) veins and coronary arteries, leading to decreased preload and afterload, which helps relieve angina pain.

B. Constricting veins and coronary arteries would exacerbate angina symptoms by reducing blood flow to the heart muscle.

C. Dissolving veins and coronary arteries is not a mechanism of action for organic nitrates in the treatment of angina.

D. Dilating veins and coronary arteries is the primary mechanism of action for organic nitrates, resulting in increased blood flow to the heart muscle and relief of angina pain.

A. Orange juice B. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplements C. Grapefruit juice D. All fruit juices

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Orange juice does not interact with simvastatin and does not need to be avoided.

B. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplements are sometimes taken by patients on statins to help alleviate the side effects like muscle pain, but they do not need to be avoided.

C. Grapefruit juice should be avoided while taking simvastatin because it contains compounds that interfere with the enzymes that metabolize statins, potentially leading to increased drug levels and greater risk of side effects such as muscle damage.

D. Not all fruit juices interact with simvastatin; the specific concern is with grapefruit juice.

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What is the most common adverse effect of nitroglycerin for which the patient is monitored?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The organic nitrates relieve angina pain by veins and coronary arteries.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking simvastatin (Zocor). What should the nurse instruct this client to avoid while taking this medication?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client has been prescribed diltiazem (Cardizem), and asks the nurse what type of drug this is. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

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A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings and notes that a client's lithium level is 2.6 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

In the treatment of angina, the mechanism of action of an organic nitrate is:

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