What is the primary function of insulin in the body?
To stimulate the breakdown of fats and proteins
To increase blood glucose levels during fasting
To lower blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular uptake of glucose
To regulate calcium absorption in the intestines
The Correct Answer is C
A. To stimulate the breakdown of fats and proteins: Insulin generally promotes anabolic processes (glucose uptake and storage) rather than catabolism of fats and proteins.
B. To increase blood glucose levels during fasting: Insulin lowers blood glucose; hormones such as glucagon raise blood glucose during fasting.
C. To lower blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular uptake of glucose: Insulin promotes glucose uptake by muscle and adipose tissue and stimulates glycogen synthesis, thereby lowering blood glucose.
D. To regulate calcium absorption in the intestines: Calcium absorption is regulated primarily by vitamin D and parathyroid hormone, not insulin.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Filtering lymph and housing lymphocytes:Lymph nodes filter lymph fluid to remove pathogens and debris and contain lymphocytes (B and T cells) and antigen-presenting cells that participate in immune responses.
B. Producing red blood cells:Red blood cell production occurs primarily in the bone marrow, not in lymph nodes.
C. Facilitating nutrient absorption:Nutrient absorption (notably fat absorption) occurs in the small intestine, particularly the villi and lacteals, rather than in lymph nodes.
D. Transporting oxygen:Oxygen transport is performed by red blood cells in the bloodstream, not by lymph nodes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH):ACTH is produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol.
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH):ADH is produced in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary, so it is not a hormone released by the anterior pituitary.
C. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH):TSH is produced by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.
D. Growth hormone (GH):GH (somatotropin) is synthesized and secreted by the anterior pituitary and acts on many tissues to promote growth and metabolism.
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