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What is the urine-making structure of the kidneys?

A.

Renal capsule

B.

Nephron

C.

Renal pyramid

D.

Ureter

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Renal capsule: This is the outer protective covering of the kidney and does not form urine.

B. Nephron: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that performs filtration, reabsorption, and secretion to form urine.

C. Renal pyramid: These structures contain parts of the nephron and collecting ducts but do not themselves make urine.

D. Ureter: The ureter transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder; it does not produce urine.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Stomach: The stomach regulates the release of chyme into the duodenum via the pyloric sphincter, controlling the rate of gastric emptying.

B. Liver: The liver produces bile, but does not handle chyme or food bolus movement.

C. Colon: The colon processes waste after absorption and doesn’t interact with chyme from the stomach.

D. Esophagus: The esophagus moves food from the mouth to the stomach but does not regulate chyme delivery to the small intestine.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Nothing, it's just a pass through to the next structure: The stomach plays a critical role in digestion through mixing and secretion of gastric juices.

B. Gastric juices mix with the food and the stomach muscles squeeze it: This process forms chyme through mechanical (squeezing) and chemical (acid/enzymes) digestion.

C. The food moves quickly into the small intestine: Food stays in the stomach for a period of time for processing before gradually passing into the small intestine.

D. The food is completely digested and is absorbed by tiny blood vessels in the walls of the stomach: Most digestion and nutrient absorption occur in the small intestine, not the stomach.

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