What is the urine-making structure of the kidneys?
Renal capsule
Nephron
Renal pyramid
Ureter
The Correct Answer is B
A. Renal capsule: This is the outer protective covering of the kidney and does not form urine.
B. Nephron: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that performs filtration, reabsorption, and secretion to form urine.
C. Renal pyramid: These structures contain parts of the nephron and collecting ducts but do not themselves make urine.
D. Ureter: The ureter transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder; it does not produce urine.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. An increase in GFR increases urine formation: A higher GFR means more plasma is filtered, leading to more urine production.
B. It is not an indication of kidney function: GFR is a primary indicator of kidney function.
C. A decrease in GFR causes polyuria: A low GFR usually leads to oliguria (low urine output), not polyuria.
D. It is unaffected by blood pressure: GFR is directly influenced by blood pressure; low pressure decreases filtration.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
A. Reabsorption: The nephron reabsorbs water, glucose, and electrolytes from the filtrate back into the blood.
B. Filtration: The glomerulus filters blood, initiating urine formation by removing waste, water, and solutes.
C. Storage: Urine storage occurs in the bladder, not the nephron.
D. Increase RBC production: While the kidneys release erythropoietin, which stimulates RBC production, this is not a nephron-specific function.
E. Secretion: The nephron actively secretes waste products like hydrogen ions and drugs into the tubule for excretion.
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