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What is the function(s) of the nephron? (Select all that apply).

Reabsorption

Filtration

Storage

Increase RBC production

Secretion

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

A. Reabsorption: The nephron reabsorbs water, glucose, and electrolytes from the filtrate back into the blood.

B. Filtration: The glomerulus filters blood, initiating urine formation by removing waste, water, and solutes.

C. Storage: Urine storage occurs in the bladder, not the nephron.

D. Increase RBC production: While the kidneys release erythropoietin, which stimulates RBC production, this is not a nephron-specific function.

E. Secretion: The nephron actively secretes waste products like hydrogen ions and drugs into the tubule for excretion.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. “You don't need a colonoscopy unless you have bleeding when you move your bowels.”: This delays screening and ignores current guidelines.

B. “You don't need a colonoscopy unless you have a family history of colon cancer.”: Screening is recommended for average-risk individuals regardless of family history.

C. “You need to get a colonoscopy when you are 60 years old.”: This is later than current guidelines recommend.

D. “You need to get a colonoscopy when you are 45 years old.”: As per current USPSTF and American Cancer Society guidelines, colon cancer screening starts at age 45 for average-risk adults.

A. Renal failure B. Bladder cancer C. Diabetes mellitus D. Kidney cancer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Renal failure: While renal failure can affect urine output, glucose in the urine (glucosuria) and polyuria with polydipsia are not the hallmark symptoms.

B. Bladder cancer: This may cause hematuria, but it doesn’t typically cause glucosuria, increased thirst, or urination.

C. Diabetes mellitus: In diabetes mellitus, high blood glucose levels exceed the renal threshold, leading to glucose spilling into the urine, causing polyuria (due to osmotic diuresis) and polydipsia.

D. Kidney cancer: Kidney cancer may cause flank pain, hematuria, or mass, not classic symptoms of diabetes or glucosuria.

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What is the function(s) of the nephron? (Select all that apply).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 44-year-old male client presents to the physician's office for a routine physical. When the patient is talking to the nurse, he asks when he needs to get a colonoscopy. The correct response would be:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client comes to the clinic complaining of increase in thirst and increase in urination. The nurse does a urine dipstick and notices it turns positive for glucose. The nurse knows that the MOST likely reason for what the client is experiencing is because the patient has:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

What happens when food reaches the stomach?

Glomerular filtration pressure is caused by:

The sigmoid is part of the:

What is the function(s) of the nephron? (Select all that apply).

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has constipation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system:

A nurse is emptying a client's urinal when she notices the urine is dark amber, cloudy, and has an unpleasant odor. The nurse should identify that these findings are likely to be the result of which of the following?

Aldosterone: