What type of electrolyte imbalance would most likely occur following the administration of three tap water enemas?
Hypokalemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypernatremia
Hyperphosphatemia
The Correct Answer is A
A. Hypokalemia: Tap water enemas can cause excessive fluid shifts, leading to potassium loss via stool and dilutional effects. Multiple enemas can result in hypokalemia (low K⁺), which may cause muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias.
B. Hypocalcemia: Tap water enemas do not significantly affect calcium levels.
C. Hypernatremia: Tap water is hypotonic, leading to fluid absorption rather than sodium excess.
D. Hyperphosphatemia: Enemas can cause hypophosphatemia rather than excess phosphate levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Diphenhydramine: An antihistamine used for motion sickness, but not first-line for severe nausea and dehydration.
B. Famotidine: A histamine-2 blocker used for acid reflux, not nausea control.
C. Omeprazole: A proton pump inhibitor for acid suppression, not for nausea and vomiting.
D. Ondansetron: Ondansetron (Zofran) is a serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist that is highly effective for nausea and vomiting, especially in dehydration and severe vomiting.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Constipation: Hypocalcemia causes diarrhea, while hypercalcemia causes constipation.
B. Negative Trousseau’s sign: A positive Trousseau’s sign (carpal spasm during BP cuff inflation) is expected with hypocalcemia.
C. BP of 180/88: Severe hypocalcemia may cause hypotension, not hypertension.
D. Numbness and tingling of the extremities: Hypocalcemia can occur after a total thyroidectomy due to accidental removal or damage to the parathyroid glands. Neuromuscular excitability, including paresthesia (numbness and tingling), tetany, and muscle spasms, are classic signs.
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