What are the warning signs of hypovolemia?
Stable blood pressure, normal urine output, and flat neck veins.
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and normal blood pressure.
Tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, and decreased urine output.
Tachycardia, increased blood pressure, and poor skin turgor
The Correct Answer is C
A. Stable blood pressure, normal urine output, and flat neck veins. BP and urine output are not stable in hypovolemia.
B. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and normal blood pressure. These can contribute to hypovolemia, but BP is not normal in severe cases.
C. Tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, and decreased urine output. Hypovolemia (low blood volume) causes compensatory tachycardia to maintain perfusion. BP drops due to decreased circulatory volume. Urine output decreases (<30 mL/hr) due to reduced renal perfusion.
D. Tachycardia, increased blood pressure, and poor skin turgor. BP is decreased, not increased in hypovolemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Magnesium sulfate: Magnesium sulfate is used for eclampsia and torsades de pointes, not for reducing shivering.
B. Kayexalate: This medication is used for hyperkalemia, not temperature control.
C. Acetaminophen: While useful for fever, acetaminophen does not stop shivering.
D. Diazepam: Shivering increases metabolic demand and body temperature. Diazepam (a benzodiazepine) is a muscle relaxant that helps control shivering in hyperthermic clients.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Prepare the client for dialysis: A potassium level of 8.3 mEq/L is critically high (normal range: 3.5–5.3 mEq/L), putting the client at immediate risk for life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias (e.g., ventricular fibrillation). Emergency dialysis is needed to remove excess potassium if other interventions (e.g., insulin, calcium gluconate) fail.
B. Start an IV and run normal saline at 50mL/hour: Fluid administration alone does not lower potassium quickly enough in a life-threatening situation.
C. Repeat the electrolyte values later in the day: Delaying treatment would increase the risk of cardiac arrest.
D. Monitor urine output: Although important, monitoring alone does not treat the emergency. Clients with acute renal failure often have little to no urine output.
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