What are the warning signs of hypovolemia?
Stable blood pressure, normal urine output, and flat neck veins.
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and normal blood pressure.
Tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, and decreased urine output.
Tachycardia, increased blood pressure, and poor skin turgor
The Correct Answer is C
A. Stable blood pressure, normal urine output, and flat neck veins. BP and urine output are not stable in hypovolemia.
B. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and normal blood pressure. These can contribute to hypovolemia, but BP is not normal in severe cases.
C. Tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, and decreased urine output. Hypovolemia (low blood volume) causes compensatory tachycardia to maintain perfusion. BP drops due to decreased circulatory volume. Urine output decreases (<30 mL/hr) due to reduced renal perfusion.
D. Tachycardia, increased blood pressure, and poor skin turgor. BP is decreased, not increased in hypovolemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Nocturia: Excessive nighttime urination, not decreased urine output.
B. Enuresis: Involuntary urination, commonly bedwetting in children.
C. Anuria: Severe lack of urine output (< 100 mL/24 hrs), which is worse than oliguria.
D. Oliguria: Oliguria is defined as urine output < 400 mL/24 hours. 250 mL in 24 hours qualifies as oliguria.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Chloride level would be decreased: Metabolic alkalosis is often associated with hypochloremia, especially when caused by vomiting or diuretics. However, hypokalemia is more clinically significant.
B. Sodium level would be elevated: Sodium levels are not directly affected by metabolic alkalosis.
C. Magnesium level would be elevated: Magnesium levels are not significantly altered in metabolic alkalosis.
D. Potassium level would be decreased: A bicarbonate level of 30 mEq/L indicates metabolic alkalosis. In alkalosis, hydrogen ions shift out of the cells, and potassium moves into the cells, leading to hypokalemia.
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