What type of immunity is provided by a vaccination?
Active natural
Active artificial
Passive natural
Passive artificial
The Correct Answer is B
A. Active natural: Active natural immunity results from natural infection (you make your own antibodies after being infected), not from vaccination.
B. Active artificial: Vaccination stimulates the host’s immune system to produce its own immune response and memory - this is active artificial immunity.
C. Passive natural: Passive natural immunity is transfer of antibodies naturally (e.g., maternal IgG across the placenta), not induced by vaccine.
D. Passive artificial: Passive artificial immunity is receiving preformed antibodies from an external source (e.g., immunoglobulin injection), not vaccination.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. Infection: Some infections (esp. urinary tract infections) can cause transient proteinuria, but infection is not the most specific cause.
B. Bleed: Bleeding (hematuria) shows blood in urine, not protein as the defining marker.
C. Diabetes: Diabetes (diabetic nephropathy) commonly causes persistent proteinuria, but proteinuria itself more directly indicates renal involvement.
D. Liver failure: Liver disease does not typically cause proteinuria as a primary finding.
E. Kidney disease: Protein in the urine (proteinuria) is most directly a sign of kidney dysfunction/glomerular damage (though causes include diabetes, hypertension, infection, etc.).
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
True: If the injurious stimulus is removed quickly and the damage is sublethal, cells can often recover (reversible cell injury) and return to normal structure/function.
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