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When administering an antianginal drug such as nitroglycerin (NTG) the nurse identifies which as the most common response.

A.

Bradycardia

B.

Tachycardia

C.

Hypotension

D.

Dry mouth

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Bradycardia
Bradycardia (a slow heart rate) is not the most common response to nitroglycerin (NTG). While NTG can affect heart rate in some individuals, its primary action is related to blood vessels, and it typically leads to vasodilation, which more commonly results in reflex tachycardia (an increased heart rate), rather than bradycardia.

 

B) Tachycardia
Tachycardia (an increased heart rate) can occur as a compensatory mechanism when nitroglycerin causes vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure. However, this is more of a secondary effect. The primary action of nitroglycerin is to lower blood pressure (by dilating blood vessels), and in response to the lowered blood pressure, the body may try to compensate by increasing the heart rate.

 

C) Hypotension
The most common and primary response to nitroglycerin (NTG) administration is hypotension. Nitroglycerin works by relaxing smooth muscle in blood vessels, leading to vasodilation (widening of blood vessels). This reduces the amount of work the heart has to do and lowers the overall blood pressure. Hypotension is expected as part of the therapeutic effect of NTG, especially with a larger dose or rapid administration (e.g., sublingual NTG).

 

D) Dry mouth
While many medications can cause dry mouth (especially anticholinergic drugs), nitroglycerin is not typically associated with this issue. Its primary action is vasodilation, and while it can cause other symptoms like headaches, dizziness, and hypotension, dry mouth is not considered a common or significant effect.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Given:

Ordered dose of Dopamine: 3 mcg/kg/min

Child's weight: 41.8 lbs

Concentration of Dopamine: 400 mg in 250 mL D5W

Step 1: Convert child's weight from pounds to kilograms:

1 pound (lb) = 0.453592 kilograms (kg)

Child's weight in kg = 41.8 lbs x 0.453592 kg/lb = 18.935 kg

Step 2: Calculate the total dose of Dopamine in mcg/min:

Total dose (mcg/min) = Ordered dose (mcg/kg/min) x Child's weight (kg)

Total dose (mcg/min) = 3 mcg/kg/min x 18.935 kg

Total dose (mcg/min) = 56.805 mcg/min

Step 3: Convert mcg to mg:

Total dose (mg/min) = Total dose (mcg/min) / 1000 mcg/mg

Total dose (mg/min) = 56.805 mcg/min / 1000 mcg/mg

Total dose (mg/min) = 0.056805 mg/min

Step 4: Calculate the total dose in mg/hr:

Total dose (mg/hr) = Total dose (mg/min) x 60 min/hr

Total dose (mg/hr) = 0.056805 mg/min x 60 min/hr

Total dose (mg/hr) = 3.4083 mg/hr

Step 5: Calculate the infusion rate in mL/hr:

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = Total dose (mg/hr) / Concentration (mg/mL)

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = 3.4083 mg/hr / (400 mg/250 mL)

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = 3.4083 mg/hr x (250 mL/400 mg)

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = 2.1301875 mL/hr

Step 6: Round to the nearest tenth:

Infusion rate (mL/hr) ≈ 2.1 mL/hr

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Given:

Ordered dose of amoxicillin: 30 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours

Toddler's weight: 33 lbs

Concentration of amoxicillin suspension: 200 mg/5 mL

Step 1: Convert the toddler's weight from pounds to kilograms:

1 pound (lb) = 0.453592 kilograms (kg)

Weight in kg = 33 lbs x 0.453592 kg/lb = 14.968 kg

Step 2: Calculate the total daily dose of amoxicillin:

Total daily dose (mg) = Ordered dose (mg/kg/day) x Weight (kg)

Total daily dose (mg) = 30 mg/kg/day x 14.968 kg

Total daily dose (mg) = 449.04 mg/day

Step 3: Calculate the dose per administration:

Since the medication is given every 12 hours, there are 2 administrations per day.

Dose per administration (mg) = Total daily dose (mg) / Number of administrations per day

Dose per administration (mg) = 449.04 mg/day / 2 administrations/day

Dose per administration (mg) = 224.52 mg

Step 4: Calculate the volume to be administered:

Volume (mL) = Dose per administration (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL)

Volume (mL) = 224.52 mg / (200 mg/5 mL)

Volume (mL) = 224.52 mg x (5 mL / 200 mg)

Volume (mL) = 5.613 mL

Step 5: Round to the nearest tenth:

Volume (mL) ≈ 5.6 mL

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