When administering medications, a nurse must know a client's medical history and pharmacokinetics of prescribed medications because most drugs are metabolized in the:
Lungs
Liver
Kidney
Colon
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Lungs excrete volatile drugs like anesthetics; most medications aren’t metabolized here, as they lack the cytochrome enzymes needed for broad drug breakdown.
Choice B reason: The liver is the primary site; cytochrome P450 enzymes metabolize most drugs, converting them into active or excretable forms, critical for pharmacokinetics.
Choice C reason: Kidneys excrete metabolites; they filter, not metabolize, most drugs, relying on prior liver processing, making them secondary in the metabolic pathway.
Choice D reason: The colon absorbs some drugs but doesn’t metabolize most; its role is minimal compared to the liver’s extensive enzymatic drug transformation capacity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Allergic reactions are adverse drug effects, not necessarily medication errors. Documentation of allergies before administration prevents such events.
Choice B reason: Administering a double dose results directly from improper preparation, constituting a clear medication error requiring immediate reporting and corrective action.
Choice C reason: Patient refusal is not a medication error but a decision. Nurses must document refusals and provide education on medication importance.
Choice D reason: Persistent pain indicates ineffective medication, which is an issue of treatment efficacy, not an error in administration.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Therapeutic effects define expected outcomes; knowing these (e.g., pain relief) lets the nurse assess if the drug meets its clinical goal effectively.
Choice B reason: Chemical composition informs structure, not outcome; it’s irrelevant to evaluating if the drug achieves its intended physiological effect directly.
Choice C reason: Mechanism explains how drugs work; it’s useful but secondary to knowing the actual therapeutic result needed for outcome assessment.
Choice D reason: Side effects monitor safety, not efficacy; they don’t directly measure if the drug achieves its primary therapeutic purpose as intended.
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