When auscultating the heart, which of the following statements is true?

The aortic valve is best heard at the third intercostal space at the right of the midclavicular line

The mitral valve is heard at the second intercostal space in the midclavicular line

The tricuspid valve is heard at the fourth intercostal space at the left of the sternal border

The pulmonic valve is heard at the fourth intercostal space at the left of the sternal border

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. The aortic valve is best heard at the third intercostal space at the right of the midclavicular line:
Incorrect intercostal space. Aortic valve is heard at the second intercostal space, right sternal border.

B. The mitral valve is heard at the second intercostal space in the midclavicular line:
Incorrect. Mitral valve is heard at the fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line (apex).

C. The tricuspid valve is heard at the fourth intercostal space at the left of the sternal border:
This is the accurate location for auscultating the tricuspid valve.

D. The pulmonic valve is heard at the fourth intercostal space at the left of the sternal border:
Incorrect. The pulmonic valve is heard at the second left intercostal space, not the fourth.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Return to do a re-assessment in 30 minutes:
Delays addressing the finding. The nurse must determine if the crackles are transient or persistent.

B. Inform the co-assigned nurse:
Not a priority action. The nurse should reassess directly before involving others.

C. Ask the patient if he needs his puffer:
Puffers are used for bronchoconstriction; crackles are usually not treated this way unless wheezing is present.

D. Instruct the patient to take a few breaths and cough:
This helps determine if the crackles are transient (e.g., atelectasis) or indicative of a more serious issue (e.g., fluid overload). If they clear, it’s likely atelectasis.

A. Deep somatic B. Cutaneous C. Referred D. Visceral

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Deep somatic:
Originates from bones, joints, muscles, and connective tissues—commonly described as aching or throbbing.

B. Cutaneous:
Involves skin or subcutaneous tissue-typically sharp or burning.

C. Referred:
Pain felt at a site different from the origin (e.g., left arm pain from heart attack)-not applicable here.

D. Visceral:
Arises from internal organs, usually poorly localized and described as cramping or pressure-not related to bone.

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When auscultating the heart, which of the following statements is true?

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