When learning to use an insulin pen, a client with diabetes dials 28 units of regular insulin instead of 24 units, the prescribed dose. Which action should the nurse take?

Discard the incorrectly dialed dose and recalibrate the insulin pen.

Save the dialed dose and prepare the correct dose using a syringe

Assist the client to administer 24 units of the dialed dose, and waste the remainder.

Advise the client to dial down to the correct dose, which can then be administered.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Administering an incorrect dose of insulin can lead to hypoglycemia, a serious complication. Discarding the incorrectly dialed dose ensures patient safety. Directly addresses the error and prevents potential harm.
B.   This option is inefficient and increases the risk of error. It's unnecessary to use both a pen and a syringe for a single dose. Does not address the immediate issue of the incorrect dose.
C.   Administering more insulin than prescribed is dangerous and can lead to hypoglycemia. Wasting the remainder doesn't address the core issue of the incorrect dose. Increases the risk of hypoglycemia.
D.   Insulin pens are designed to be precise. Dialing down to the correct dose after an error can compromise the accuracy of the dose. Does not ensure accurate dosing.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This action is typically used in the treatment of hyperkalemia (high potassium levels), not hypokalemia. The combination of glucose and insulin is used to temporarily drive potassium into cells and lower serum potassium levels. For severe hypokalemia, the priority is to administer potassium replacement therapy rather than attempting to lower potassium levels, as the client needs to correct the deficiency.
B. Severe hypokalemia requires prompt correction to prevent complications. Potassium replacement should be administered according to healthcare provider orders. This may involve oral or intravenous potassium supplements, depending on the severity of the hypokalemia and the client's condition. Informing the healthcare provider is essential for ensuring that appropriate and timely treatment is provided.
C. While increasing potassium intake through diet is important for managing mild cases of hypokalemia, a serum potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L is severe and likely requires immediate medical intervention. Dietary changes alone are insufficient and not timely enough to address such a critical deficiency.
D. Monitoring urinary output is important in managing electrolyte imbalances to assess kidney function and fluid balance, but it is not the primary intervention for severe hypokalemia. The immediate priority is to address the low potassium level through appropriate replacement therapy.

A. Client's breath sounds are clear to auscultation bilaterally. B. Client exhibits a frequent productive cough. C. Client demonstrates proper use of an incentive spirometer. D. Client reports using the incentive spirometer every hour while awake.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Clear breath sounds indicate effective ventilation and oxygenation, which are the desired outcomes of incentive spirometry. This outcome directly reflects the effectiveness of the incentive spirometer in preventing atelectasis and improving lung expansion.
B. A productive cough suggests mobilization of secretions. While this is important for airway clearance, it is not a direct measure of the effectiveness of the incentive spirometer. This outcome is related to airway clearance, but not specifically to the incentive spirometer's role in lung expansion.
C. This outcome measures the client's ability to use the device correctly but does not assess the effectiveness of the device in improving lung function. This outcome is important but does not directly address the goal of the incentive spirometer.
D. This outcome measures compliance with the therapy but does not assess its effectiveness in improving lung function. This outcome is important for adherence but does not directly address the goal of the incentive spirometer.

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When learning to use an insulin pen, a client with diabetes dials 28 units of regular insulin instead of 24 units, the prescribed dose. Which action should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client's laboratory results indicate that the serum potassium level is 2.5 mEq/L (2.5 mmol/L). Which action should the nurse take? Reference Range: Potassium (K+) [3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L (3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L)]

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of the incentive spirometer implemented in the client's plan of care. Which outcome statement best describes the effectiveness of the incentive spirometer?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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