When monitoring patients on antitubercular drug therapy, the nurse knows that which drug may cause a decrease in visual acuity?

Rifampin

Ethambutol

Streptomycin

Isoniazid

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

Rifampin Rifampin is an antitubercular drug that is effective against all strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of RNA in the bacteria, preventing them from reproducing. However, it does not typically cause a decrease in visual acuity.

Choice B rationale:

Ethambutol Ethambutol is an antitubercular drug that can cause ocular toxicity in the form of visual field changes. It is known to induce toxic optic neuropathy, which is quite common and can lead to a decrease in visual acuity. Patients on Ethambutol therapy are advised to report any changes in visual acuity or eye discomfort immediately to their healthcare provider.

Choice C rationale:

Streptomycin Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis. It works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. While it can cause side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, it is not typically associated with a decrease in visual acuity.

Choice D rationale:

Isoniazid Isoniazid is a first-line antitubercular drug that works by inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acids in the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it can cause peripheral neuropathy, it is not typically associated with a decrease in visual acuity.

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Correct Answer is ["0.6 "]

Explanation

Answer and explanation

The question is about calculating the volume of methylnaltrexone to administer to a client. The client needs a dose of 12 mg, and the available methylnaltrexone is 8 mg/0.4 mL.

Let’s calculate the volume step by step:

Step 1: Identify the given values:

Desired dose (D) = 12 mg
Available dose (A) = 8 mg
Volume for available dose (V) = 0.4 mL

Step 2: Use the given values in the formula for calculating the volume to administer:

Volume to administer=Available doseDesired dose×Volume for available dose Step 3: Substitute the given values into the formula:

Volume to administer=(12*0.4)/8

Step 4: Perform the multiplication and division:

Volume to administer=4.8mL/8

Step 5: Simplify the division to find the volume to administer:

Volume to administer=0.6mL

So, the nurse should administer 0.6 mL of methylnaltrexone to the client.

A. Bounding peripheral pulses B. Moist mucous membranes C. Bradycardia D. Decreased urine specific gravity

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Bounding peripheral pulses are not typically associated with diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterized by excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of severely dilute urine.

Choice B rationale:

Moist mucous membranes are not a common finding in diabetes insipidus. In fact, due to excessive urination, patients may experience dehydration which can lead to dry mucous membranes.

Choice C rationale:

Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is not a typical symptom of diabetes insipidus. The condition does not directly affect the heart rate.

Choice D rationale:

Decreased urine specific gravity is a key finding in diabetes insipidus. The condition causes an imbalance of water in the body, leading to the production of large amounts of dilute (or low specific gravity) urine.

Please note that these rationales are based on general knowledge about diabetes insipidus and the specific symptoms mentioned in the choices. For a more detailed understanding, it’s recommended to refer to medical textbooks or consult with healthcare professionals.

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When monitoring patients on antitubercular drug therapy, the nurse knows that which drug may cause a decrease in visual acuity?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer methylnaltrexone 12 mg subcutaneously to a client who has opioid-induced constipation. The available methylnaltrexone is 8 mg/0.4 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies.

Correct Answer is ["0.6 "]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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