When monitoring patients on antitubercular drug therapy, the nurse knows that which drug may cause a decrease in visual acuity?

Rifampin

Ethambutol

Streptomycin

Isoniazid

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

Rifampin Rifampin is an antitubercular drug that is effective against all strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of RNA in the bacteria, preventing them from reproducing. However, it does not typically cause a decrease in visual acuity.

Choice B rationale:

Ethambutol Ethambutol is an antitubercular drug that can cause ocular toxicity in the form of visual field changes. It is known to induce toxic optic neuropathy, which is quite common and can lead to a decrease in visual acuity. Patients on Ethambutol therapy are advised to report any changes in visual acuity or eye discomfort immediately to their healthcare provider.

Choice C rationale:

Streptomycin Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis. It works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. While it can cause side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, it is not typically associated with a decrease in visual acuity.

Choice D rationale:

Isoniazid Isoniazid is a first-line antitubercular drug that works by inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acids in the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it can cause peripheral neuropathy, it is not typically associated with a decrease in visual acuity.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

Let’s solve the medication math problem step by step:

Step 1: Identify the total daily dose of amoxicillin. The total daily dose is 2 gm/day.

Step 2: Convert the total daily dose from grams to milligrams, as the available medication is in milligrams. We know that 1 gm = 1000 mg, so 2 gm = 2000 mg.

Step 3: The total daily dose is divided into two doses. So, each dose will be 2000 mg ÷ 2 = 1000 mg.

Step 4: Determine the number of tablets for each dose. Each tablet contains 500 mg of amoxicillin. So, the number of tablets for each dose is 1000 mg ÷ 500 mg/tablet = 2 tablets.

So, the nurse should administer 2 tablets of amoxicillin with each dose.

A. Bone marrow suppression B. Retinitis C. Renal toxicity D. Hepatotoxicity

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Zidovudine, also known as AZT, is a medication used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. One of the major dose-limiting toxic effects of Zidovudine is hematologic toxicity, which manifests clinically as anemia, neutropenia, and sometimes as platelet deficits with onset after several weeks of treatment. This hematologic toxicity is essentially a form of bone marrow suppression. Therefore, bone marrow suppression is the dose-limiting adverse effect of zidovudine therapy.

Choice B rationale:

Retinitis is not a known dose-limiting adverse effect of zidovudine. While zidovudine has a range of side effects, retinitis is not commonly associated with its use.

Choice C rationale:

Renal toxicity is not a known dose-limiting adverse effect of zidovudine. While zidovudine can have various side effects, renal toxicity is not typically one of them.

Choice D rationale:

Hepatotoxicity is not the dose-limiting adverse effect of zidovudine. While severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported with the use of zidovudine, it is not considered the dose-limiting adverse effect. The dose-limiting adverse effect is more specifically related to hematologic toxicity, which includes bone marrow suppression.

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When monitoring patients on antitubercular drug therapy, the nurse knows that which drug may cause a decrease in visual acuity?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 2 gm/day PO divided into two doses. The amount available is amoxicillin 500 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer with each dose?

Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

A patient who is HIV-positive has been receiving medication therapy that includes zidovudine. The prescriber has decided to stop the zidovudine due to its dose-limiting adverse effect. Which of these conditions is the dose-limiting adverse effect of zidovudine therapy?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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When monitoring patients on antitubercular drug therapy, the nurse knows that which drug may cause a decrease in visual acuity?

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