Which action should be included in the teaching plan for a patient with hypernatremia?
Drink plenty of water whenever thirsty.
Review food labels for sodium content.
Monitor daily urine output volume.
Use salt tablets after strenuous exercise.
The Correct Answer is B
Drinking plenty of water whenever thirsty is not the most appropriate action for a patient with hypernatremia. While it's important to stay hydrated, excessive water intake can potentially worsen hypernatremia by diluting blood sodium levels further. This is because the body tries to balance sodium levels by either retaining water or excreting it through urine. In hypernatremia, the body is already short on water relative to sodium, so consuming too much water can exacerbate the imbalance.
Choice B rationale:
Reviewing food labels for sodium content is crucial for managing hypernatremia. It empowers patients to make informed choices and limit their sodium intake.
Sodium is a major contributor to hypernatremia, and reducing dietary sodium intake is a key strategy to lower blood sodium levels.
By carefully reading food labels and selecting low-sodium options, patients can effectively manage their sodium intake and promote a gradual return to normal sodium levels.
This approach addresses the root cause of hypernatremia and promotes long-term control of blood sodium levels.
Choice C rationale:
Monitoring daily urine output volume can be helpful in tracking fluid status, but it's not the primary action for managing hypernatremia.
While urine output can provide insights into fluid balance, it doesn't directly address the underlying issue of excessive sodium. Focusing on dietary sodium intake is a more direct and effective approach to correcting hypernatremia.
Choice D rationale:
Using salt tablets after strenuous exercise is not recommended for patients with hypernatremia.
Salt tablets are intended to replenish electrolytes lost through sweating, but they can worsen hypernatremia by further increasing sodium levels.
Patients with hypernatremia should focus on reducing sodium intake, not increasing it.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["38"]
Explanation
Here are the steps to calculate the IV flow rate:
Step 1: Calculate the volume to be infused per minute.
75 mL ÷ 30 minutes = 2.5 mL/minute
Step 2: Multiply the volume per minute by the drop factor to determine the drops per minute.
2.5 mL/minute × 15 gtt/mL = 37.5 gtt/minute
Step 3: Round the answer to the nearest whole number. The nurse should regulate the IV to deliver 38 gtt/minute.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
While teaching the client about infection prevention measures is important, it is not the most immediate priority in this situation. The client is already potentially contagious, and these measures may not be sufficient to prevent transmission if the client is not properly isolated.
It's crucial to remember that the client may be experiencing cognitive impairment due to illness, making it harder to fully comprehend and adhere to instructions.
Additionally, some clients may not have access to or be able to afford masks and hand sanitizer, potentially hindering compliance with these measures.
Choice B rationale:
Isolating the client is the most critical action to prevent the spread of COVID-19 to others. This includes separating the client from other patients, family members, and healthcare workers who are not wearing proper PPE.
PPE, such as gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection, creates a barrier between the healthcare worker and the client, minimizing the risk of transmission via direct contact or droplets.
Proper isolation techniques include placing the client in a designated negative-pressure isolation room, if available, or designating a separate area within a multi-bed room.
It's essential to restrict the client's movement within the healthcare facility and limit visitors to essential personnel only.
Choice C rationale:
Reporting the COVID-19 result to the local health department is important for tracking and managing the spread of the virus; however, it is not the most immediate priority in this situation.
The priority is to prevent further transmission by isolating the client.
Choice D rationale:
Counseling family members to monitor for symptoms is important, but it is not the most immediate priority in this situation. The priority is to prevent transmission by isolating the client.
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