Which are effective ways to help prevent medication errors? (Select all that apply)
Using electronic medical order entry systems
Naming, blaming, and shaming those who make errors
Prosecuting caregivers who make errors
Helping patients to be active, informed members of the healthcare team
Developing nonpunitive approaches to track errors
Correct Answer : A,D,E
Choice A reason: Electronic order entry systems reduce errors by standardizing prescriptions and flagging issues. This enhances safety, making it a correct preventive strategy.
Choice B reason: Naming and shaming create fear, discouraging error reporting and learning. Nonpunitive approaches are effective, so this is incorrect for preventing errors.
Choice C reason: Prosecuting caregivers deters transparency, hindering error analysis. Supportive tracking systems prevent errors, so this is incorrect for effective strategies.
Choice D reason: Engaging patients as informed team members improves adherence and catches errors. This collaborative approach is effective, making it a correct choice.
Choice E reason: Nonpunitive error tracking encourages reporting, identifying patterns to prevent future mistakes. This is a proven method, making it a correct choice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Respiratory acidosis has low pH and high PaCO2. High pH (7.47) and low PaCO2 (32) indicate alkalosis, not acidosis, so this incorrect.
Choice B reason: Metabolic acidosis has low pH and HCO3-. High pH and normal HCO3- (23) rule this out, pointing to respiratory alkalosis, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Metabolic alkalosis has high pH and high HCO3-.. Normal HCO3- and low PaCO2 indicate respiratory alkalosis, so this is incorrect.
Choice D reason: High pH (7.47) and low PaCO2 (32) with normal CO2 HCO3- confirm respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation. This is matches, so it’s correct.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells release histamine, which stimulates parietal cells to secrete hydrochloric acid via H2 receptors. This increases gastric acid production, critical for digestion, and is a key component in the acid secretion pathway, making this a correct choice for acid-increasing cells.
Choice B reason: Beta cells, located in the pancreas, secrete insulin to regulate glucose, not gastric acid. They have no role in stomach acid production or regulation, which is controlled by gastric cells like parietal or G cells, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Parietal cells directly secrete hydrochloric acid into the stomach lumen via the H+/K+-ATPase pump, significantly increasing gastric acidity for digestion. Activated by histamine, gastrin, and acetylcholine, they are central to acid production, making this a correct choice for the question.
Choice D reason: Mucus cells secrete protective mucus to shield the stomach lining from acid and pepsin, not acid itself. They reduce damage from acidity but don’t contribute to its production, making this choice incorrect for cells that increase stomach acid.
Choice E reason: G cells secrete gastrin, a hormone that stimulates parietal cells to produce hydrochloric acid. Gastrin enhances acid secretion indirectly by activating parietal cells and ECL cells, playing a key role in gastric acid regulation, making this a correct choice.
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