Which are therapeutic uses of verapamil? (Select all that apply)
Suppression of preterm labor
Heart block
Essential hypertension
Hypocalcemia
Cardiac dysrhythmias
Correct Answer : C,E
Choice A reason: Verapamil is not used for preterm labor; calcium channel blockers like nifedipine are preferred. Verapamil targets cardiovascular conditions, so this is incorrect for its therapeutic use.
Choice B reason: Verapamil is contraindicated in heart block, as it slows conduction. It is used for hypertension and dysrhythmias, not conduction blocks, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Verapamil is a channel blocker used for essential hypertension, effectively reducing blood pressure by relaxing vessels. This is a standard use, making it a correct choice.
Choice D reason: Hypocalcemia is not treated with verapamil; it may worsen with calcium channel blockers. Cardiovascular indications are primary, so this is incorrect.
Choice E reason: Verapamil is used for cardiac dysrhythmias, such as supraventricular tachycardia, by slowing heart rate. This is a recognized indication, making it a correct choice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Checking blood sugar daily or more is appropriate for diabetes management with glipizide. This shows understanding, so it is not concerning and incorrect.
Choice B reason: Moderate alcohol (e.g., one glass of wine) is generally safe with glipizide if blood sugar is controlled. This is less concerning than grapefruit, so it’s incorrect.
Choice C reason: Taking glipizide once daily with breakfast is correct, as it enhances insulin release with meals. This is appropriate, so it is not concerning and incorrect.
Choice D reason: Grapefruit juice can inhibit CYP enzymes, potentially increasing glipizide levels and hypoglycemia risk. This misunderstanding is dangerous, making it the correct concerning statement.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Lipid-soluble drugs cross cell membranes quickly due to their affinity for lipid bilayers, leading to predictable, rapid absorption. Their onset is not unpredictable but typically faster than water-soluble drugs, especially via routes like intravenous or transdermal, making this choice incorrect for lipid-soluble drugs.
Choice B reason: Lipid-soluble drugs, like fentanyl, rapidly cross lipid-rich cell membranes, including the blood-brain barrier, leading to quick onset of action. This is due to their high partition coefficient, allowing fast diffusion into tissues, making rapid effect onset the correct expectation for the nurse.
Choice C reason: Lipid-soluble drugs have faster onset than water-soluble drugs due to easier membrane penetration. Slow effects are more typical of water-soluble or poorly absorbed drugs. Lipid solubility enhances rapid distribution and action, making this choice incorrect for the expected effect timeline.
Choice D reason: Osmosis refers to water movement across membranes, not drug absorption. Lipid-soluble drugs diffuse through lipid bilayers, not via osmosis, which is irrelevant to their pharmacokinetics. This choice is scientifically inaccurate for describing the onset of lipid-soluble drug effects.
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