Which change occurs first, making patients susceptible to coronary artery disease?

Formation of thrombus in the coronary artery.

Formation of fibrous plaque in the endothelium.

Reduction of blood flow through the coronary arteries.

Development of fatty streaks in the smooth muscles of the endothelium.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale:

Thrombus formation is a later stage event in coronary artery disease (CAD) and occurs after the development of fatty streaks. Thrombus formation usually happens due to the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques, leading to platelet aggregation and clot formation.

Choice B rationale:

Formation of fibrous plaque in the endothelium is a progression that occurs after the initial development of fatty streaks. Fibrous plaques are formed as a response to the inflammation caused by fatty deposits. They are more stable than fatty streaks but can still lead to narrowing of the arteries.

Choice C rationale:

Reduction of blood flow through the coronary arteries is a consequence of atherosclerosis, which occurs after the initial development of fatty streaks. As the fatty deposits accumulate, they narrow the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow. However, this is not the initial change that makes patients susceptible to CAD.

Choice D rationale:

Development of fatty streaks in the smooth muscles of the endothelium is the initial change that occurs in the development of atherosclerosis, making patients susceptible to coronary artery disease. Fatty streaks are composed of lipid-laden macrophages and smooth muscle cells. Over time, these fatty streaks can progress into fibrous plaques and eventually lead to complications such as thrombus formation and reduced blood flow.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is choice c. “I will take my iron supplement along with meals.”

Choice A rationale:

Taking iron supplements with a straw is recommended to prevent staining of the teeth, which is a common side effect of liquid iron supplements.

Choice B rationale:

Taking iron supplements at bedtime can be beneficial for some patients, especially if they experience gastrointestinal discomfort when taking iron during the day.

Choice C rationale:

Taking iron supplements with meals can decrease the absorption of iron. Iron is best absorbed on an empty stomach, although it can be taken with food if gastrointestinal upset occurs.

Choice D rationale:

Taking iron supplements with orange juice is recommended because vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron.

A. "Are you pregnant?” B. "Do you need to urinate?” C. "Do you have a headache or confusion?” D. "Are you taking antiseizure medications?”

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

While pregnancy can contribute to increased blood pressure, it is not the priority question in this scenario. The sudden rise in blood pressure could indicate a hypertensive crisis, which needs immediate attention.

Choice B rationale:

Urination is not directly related to sudden rises in blood pressure. While urinary issues could be a sign of certain conditions, they are not the priority when dealing with a hypertensive emergency.

Choice C rationale:

A sudden rise in blood pressure can lead to symptoms such as headache and confusion, which could indicate a hypertensive crisis. This question is crucial to assess neurological symptoms, which can be indicative of target organ damage due to hypertension.

Choice D rationale:

Antiseizure medications are not directly related to sudden increases in blood pressure. Neurological symptoms (like those in choice C) are more indicative of a hypertensive crisis and require immediate attention.

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Which change occurs first, making patients susceptible to coronary artery disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a patient about the administration of liquid iron supplements. Which response by the patient indicates the need for additional teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A female patient with chronic hypertension is admitted to the emergency department with a sudden rise in blood pressure (BP) Which question is the priority for the nurse to ask the patient?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The blood pressure (BP) of a 71-year-old patient admitted with pneumonia is 160/70 mm Hg. Which age-related change contributes to this finding?

In which type of water would a submersion injury cause the patient's fluid to be drawn from the vascular space into the alveoli, impairing alveolar ventilation and resulting in hypoxia?

Which manifestation is related to target organ disease from hypertension? Select all that apply.One, some, or all responses may be correct.

The nurse provides education to a patient with thrombocytopenia about precautions to be taken at home. The nurse identifies that further teaching is needed when the patient performs which action?

The nurse provides education regarding daily activities to a patient with thrombocytopenia.Which activity identified by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?

Which finding would the nurse expect to see in a patient with a hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL? Select all that apply.One, some, or all responses may be correct.

A patient is diagnosed with primary hypertension and asks the nurse what caused the condition.Which response would the nurse give?

Which acid-base mechanism would the kidney use to buffer a patient's acidosis (serum pH <7.35)? Select all that apply.One, some, or all responses may be correct.