Which class of medications are given to liquefy secretions and make them easier to expel?

Mucolytics

Glucocorticoids

Calcium channel blockers

Bronchodilators

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Mucolytics (e.g., acetylcysteine) break disulfide bonds in mucus, thinning it to ease expectoration, directly aiding secretion clearance in respiratory conditions.

Choice B reason: Glucocorticoids reduce inflammation in airways, not liquefying mucus; they address swelling, not viscosity, so they don’t facilitate expulsion directly.

Choice C reason: Calcium channel blockers relax vascular smooth muscle for hypertension, not affecting mucus consistency or respiratory secretions, irrelevant to this goal.

Choice D reason: Bronchodilators open airways, improving airflow, but don’t alter mucus viscosity, aiding breathing, not secretion liquefaction or removal specifically.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: pH 7.53 and low CO2 (32) indicate respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation, not typical in chest trauma where breathing is impaired. HCO3 (24) is normal, showing no compensation yet, misaligning with trauma physiology.

Choice B reason: pH 7.30, high CO2 (52), and near-normal HCO3 (22) reflect respiratory acidosis from hypoventilation in chest trauma, like rib fractures, reducing air exchange. Compensation is minimal acutely, fitting the clinical scenario.

Choice C reason: pH 7.49 and low CO2 (30) suggest respiratory alkalosis, while low HCO3 (14) indicates metabolic compensation. This doesn’t match chest trauma’s ventilatory restriction, which elevates CO2 instead.

Choice D reason: pH 7.26, CO2 (45), and low HCO3 (18) show mixed acidosis. Chest trauma primarily causes respiratory acidosis from CO2 retention, not a significant metabolic drop acutely, making this less precise.

A. I should eat soft foods such as applesauce and yogurt if I have trouble swallowing B. I could drink prune juice if I develop constipation C. Carbidopa-levodopa will help with my symptoms D. It results from the lack of acetylcholine

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Soft foods like applesauce aid swallowing in Parkinson’s dysphagia, reducing aspiration risk from rigidity, a correct self-management strategy.

Choice B reason: Prune juice relieves constipation, common in Parkinson’s from slowed gut motility due to dopamine loss, so this is an accurate statement.

Choice C reason: Carbidopa-levodopa boosts dopamine, easing Parkinson’s motor symptoms (tremors, rigidity), a standard treatment, making this statement correct.

Choice D reason: Parkinson’s stems from dopamine deficiency, not acetylcholine; excess acetylcholine worsens symptoms, so this is incorrect and needs teaching.

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Which class of medications are given to liquefy secretions and make them easier to expel?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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