Which client information should the practical nurse (PN) obtain prior to preparing a dose of the influenza vaccine?
Immune status
Age
Food allergies
Gender
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Immune status is critical before administering the influenza vaccine, as immunocompromised individuals may have reduced vaccine efficacy or increased risk of adverse reactions. Conditions like HIV or chemotherapy weaken immune responses, requiring tailored vaccination strategies. Assessing immune status ensures the vaccine is safe and effective, guiding clinical decisions.
Choice B reason: While age influences vaccine type (e.g., high-dose for older adults), it is less critical than immune status for safety. Age is typically already known from records and does not directly affect immediate vaccine administration decisions. This choice is less relevant compared to immune status evaluation.
Choice C reason: Food allergies are generally irrelevant to influenza vaccines, which are not derived from food allergens. However, egg allergies may be considered for certain vaccines due to manufacturing processes, but this is distinct from food allergies broadly. This choice is incorrect as it lacks direct relevance.
Choice D reason: Gender does not impact influenza vaccine administration. Vaccine efficacy and safety are not significantly influenced by gender-specific physiological differences. This choice is incorrect, as it does not provide critical information needed to ensure the vaccine’s safety or effectiveness for the client.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Stating that HIV is not cured by antiretrovirals is correct, as these drugs suppress viral replication but do not eradicate the virus. HIV integrates into host DNA, requiring lifelong therapy. This understanding is accurate, requiring no further review from the PN.
Choice B reason: Antiretrovirals reduce AIDS-related complications by suppressing viral load, preserving immune function, and preventing opportunistic infections. This statement is correct, reflecting the drugs’ role in maintaining CD4 counts and immune health, so no additional instruction is needed.
Choice C reason: Antiretrovirals can reduce viral load to undetectable levels, preventing disease progression and transmission risk. This is accurate, as effective therapy lowers plasma HIV RNA, aligning with treatment goals. The statement requires no further review, as it reflects correct understanding.
Choice D reason: Claiming antiretrovirals prevent transmission is inaccurate, as they reduce but do not eliminate transmission risk. Undetectable viral loads lower risk significantly, but transmission is still possible, especially with inconsistent adherence. This misstatement requires review to clarify transmission risks.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Suggesting a snack after administering an incorrect insulin dose risks hypoglycemia, as 2 extra units can excessively lower blood glucose. Insulin dosing must match the glucose level per the sliding scale to prevent adverse effects, making this choice unsafe and reactive.
Choice B reason: Repeating the glucose level is unnecessary if the recorded level is reliable. The error lies in the drawn dose, not the glucose measurement. Correcting the dose to match the recorded glucose is more direct, as insulin dosing relies on accurate glucose data.
Choice C reason: Reducing the insulin dose by 2 units corrects the error, aligning with the sliding scale for the recorded glucose level. Excess insulin can cause hypoglycemia, affecting brain and organ function. This action ensures safe administration, preventing potentially severe metabolic consequences.
Choice D reason: Recording the discrepancy does not correct the dosing error and risks administering an unsafe dose. Documentation is secondary to ensuring the correct insulin amount is given, as 2 extra units could lead to hypoglycemia, requiring immediate correction, not just notation.
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