Which component of treatment of mental illness is specifically recognized by Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)?
Care is centered on the client.
Recovery occurs on a continuum from illness to health.
All genomes are unique.
Healthy development is vital to mental health.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) project explicitly identifies Patient-Centered Care as one of its six core competencies. This competency emphasizes providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for client's preferences, values, and needs, a principle that is fundamental to effective mental health treatment and recovery-oriented services.
Choice B rationale
This statement describes the conceptual model of recovery in mental health, which is a guiding principle for treatment, but it is not one of the six specific competencies defined and recognized by the QSEN initiative for nursing education and practice across all health settings.
Choice C rationale
This statement relates to genomics, an emerging field in healthcare, especially in understanding genetic predispositions to mental illness and individualized pharmacogenomic treatment responses. While important, it is not listed as one of the six core QSEN competencies, which focus on broader areas of quality and safety improvement.
Choice D rationale
Healthy development is a key concept in developmental psychology and mental health promotion, emphasizing the establishment of a robust psychological foundation. Though highly relevant to preventative mental healthcare, this is a conceptual focus rather than a distinct, explicit competency named and mandated by the QSEN framework.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A skull radiograph (X-ray) is a two-dimensional imaging technique that primarily visualizes bone structure and density, which is useful for identifying fractures, calcification, or foreign objects. It provides no information on the metabolic activity or blood flow of brain tissue, which are the biological substrates of brain function.
Choice B rationale
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to generate detailed anatomical images of soft tissues, including the brain. It provides excellent structural resolution (detecting tumors or lesions) but, in its standard form, offers limited direct, quantitative data on real-time cellular energy consumption or neurotransmitter activity, which characterize function.
Choice C rationale
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan is a nuclear medicine technique that uses a small amount of a radioactive tracer, such as fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), to measure metabolic processes like glucose metabolism and regional cerebral blood flow. Since glucose is the brain's primary energy source, areas of higher uptake indicate greater neuronal activity, thus providing crucial functional information.
Choice D rationale
A Computed Tomography (CT) scan uses X-rays from multiple angles to create cross-sectional images of the body. It provides detailed structural information (e.g., hemorrhage, edema, atrophy) but, similar to MRI, does not offer direct, specific quantification of ongoing, real-time metabolic rate or neurotransmitter release, which are hallmarks of brain function.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Genuineness (or congruence) involves the nurse's ability to be authentic, transparent, and real in the relationship, aligning their internal feelings and external expressions. While vital for a therapeutic relationship, it focuses on the nurse's self-presentation rather than the cognitive and affective process of accurately understanding the client's internal experience.
Choice B rationale
Positive regard (or respect) is the non-judgmental attitude that accepts the client unconditionally as a person of worth. It establishes a climate of acceptance and trust but primarily addresses the nurse's attitude towards the client, not the specific intellectual and emotional effort to perceive and understand the client's subjective experience.
Choice C rationale
Empathy is the scientific term for the ability to accurately perceive and understand the client's feelings, perspective, and situation as if the nurse were the client, without losing one's own objectivity. This active process requires cognitive understanding of the client's frame of reference and affective sensitivity to their emotional state, directly matching the description provided.
Choice D rationale
A non-judgmental attitude is a core component of positive regard and involves refraining from moral or personal criticism of the client's behavior or choices. It is a necessary precondition for empathy, as judgment inhibits deep understanding, but it is not the process of perceiving and understanding the client's feelings and perspective itself.
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