Which diagnostic assessment method is commonly used for osteoarthritis (O

Choice A rationale

Twelve hours without voiding indicates potential acute urinary retention due to ureteral obstruction, risking hydronephrosis or kidney damage, which requires immediate attention to preserve renal function.

Choice B rationale

Hematuria is common with kidney stones and generally not urgent unless accompanied by clots causing retention or excessive bleeding causing hemodynamic instability.

Choice C rationale

Fever indicates infection but at 37.7°C, it is considered low-grade and less urgent compared to obstruction. Normal body temperature is typically 36.1-37.2°C.

Choice D rationale

Cloudy urine suggests infection but lacks the immediacy of urinary retention or acute obstruction, which are potentially life-threatening.

Choice A rationale

Applying a warm pack is inappropriate for controlling active bleeding, as it can exacerbate blood flow to the site, worsening the hemorrhage rather than controlling it effectively.

Choice B rationale

Using a tourniquet above the bleeding site is a last-resort method typically reserved for life-threatening bleeding. It may cause complications such as nerve damage or ischemia, so other measures are prioritized first.

Choice C rationale

Direct pressure or sterile pressure dressing with elevation minimizes blood loss effectively by compressing the damaged vessels, promoting clot formation, and utilizing gravity to reduce the pressure at the wound site. It is the recommended first-line method.

Choice D rationale

Placing an ice pack on the bleeding site may reduce localized blood flow by inducing vasoconstriction but is less effective than direct pressure for stopping active hemorrhage. It is secondary to other control measures.