Which disorder, common in some older adults, impairs the ability to swallow and can lead to difficulty getting adequate nutrition?

A. Gestational hypertension involves elevated blood pressure during pregnancy but does not include protein in the urine or the characteristic swelling seen in preeclampsia.

B. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific condition characterized by high blood pressure, proteinuria (protein in the urine), and often edema (swelling), particularly in the hands, feet, and face. It usually develops after 20 weeks of gestation and can lead to serious complications for both mother and baby if untreated, including organ damage, seizures (eclampsia), and preterm birth. Early detection and monitoring are essential, and management may include antihypertensive medications, close fetal monitoring, and sometimes early delivery.

C. Premature birth refers to delivery before 37 weeks of gestation and is an outcome rather than a disease with these specific symptoms.

D. Gestational diabetes involves elevated blood glucose levels during pregnancy but does not typically cause protein in the urine or the characteristic swelling associated with preeclampsia.

A. Aerobic exercise involves continuous, rhythmic movements of large muscle groups, such as those in the legs and arms, that increase the body’s demand for oxygen. This type of exercise improves cardiovascular and respiratory efficiency, increases endurance, and helps with weight management. Examples include running, swimming, cycling, and brisk walking. During aerobic exercise, the heart rate and breathing rate increase to supply sufficient oxygen to working muscles.

B. Lengthening muscles using slow, controlled movements describes stretching exercises, which improve flexibility but do not primarily enhance cardiovascular endurance or oxygen utilization.

C. Physical activity not related to a person’s occupation is simply recreational or leisure activity. While some recreational activities can be aerobic, this description does not define aerobic exercise itself.

D. Exercise in which muscles work against resistance describes anaerobic or resistance training, such as weightlifting or strength training. While these activities build muscular strength and power, they do not primarily rely on oxygen for energy production.