Which expected outcome demonstrates the effectiveness of a plan of care to promote rest and sleep?

The patient identifies factors that interfere with normal sleep patterns.

The patient verbalizes an ability to sleep without medications.

The patient engages in relaxing activities before bedtime.

The patient reports improved quality of rest and sleep.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Identifying factors that interfere with normal sleep patterns is a crucial step in addressing sleep disturbances, but it doesn't directly demonstrate the effectiveness of a plan of care to promote rest and sleep. While understanding these factors can lead to interventions, the actual outcome is reflected in the improvement of sleep quality.

Choice B rationale

Verbalizing an ability to sleep without medications is a positive outcome, but it doesn't solely indicate the effectiveness of a comprehensive plan of care. The quality and duration of sleep are also critical indicators of successful interventions aimed at promoting rest and sleep, beyond just medication independence.

Choice C rationale

Engaging in relaxing activities before bedtime is a helpful strategy to promote sleep, but it is an action taken by the patient, not a direct measure of the plan's effectiveness. The ultimate success of the plan is determined by whether these activities actually result in improved rest and sleep.

Choice D rationale

Reporting improved quality of rest and sleep directly indicates that the plan of care has been effective in achieving its goal. This subjective measure, when consistently reported by the patient, signifies that the interventions implemented have positively impacted their ability to rest and sleep well.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Infants are at the highest risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalance due to diarrhea because they have a higher percentage of body water compared to adults, and a larger proportion of this water is extracellular. Their kidneys are also immature and less efficient at regulating fluid and electrolytes. Additionally, their higher metabolic rate and greater body surface area to weight ratio lead to increased insensible fluid losses.

Choice B rationale

Adolescents have a body composition and physiological regulatory mechanisms that are more similar to adults, making them less vulnerable to rapid fluid and electrolyte shifts from diarrhea compared to infants. Their kidneys are fully developed and can manage fluid and electrolyte balance more effectively.

Choice C rationale

Young adults also have well-developed regulatory mechanisms and a lower proportion of extracellular fluid compared to infants. While prolonged diarrhea can still lead to imbalances, they are generally more resilient than infants due to their mature physiology.

Choice D rationale

School-age children have a body composition and physiological maturity that places them at a lower risk for severe fluid and electrolyte imbalance from diarrhea compared to infants. Their regulatory systems are more developed than those of infants, allowing for better compensation for fluid losses. .

A. CPAP mask. B. Nasal cannula. C. Non-rebreather mask. D. Simple face mask.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

A CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) mask delivers a constant stream of pressurized air to keep the airway open during sleep, which is the primary treatment for sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is characterized by repeated pauses in breathing due to airway obstruction, and CPAP effectively prevents these episodes.

Choice B rationale

A nasal cannula delivers low-flow oxygen through two prongs inserted into the nostrils. While it can provide supplemental oxygen, it does not address the underlying airway obstruction that occurs in sleep apnea. Therefore, it is not the expected delivery device for this condition. Normal flow rate is 1 to 6 liters per minute, providing a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 24% to 44%.

Choice C rationale

A non-rebreather mask delivers a high concentration of oxygen (60% to 90%) and is typically used for patients with acute respiratory distress. It is not the appropriate device for managing the chronic condition of sleep apnea, which primarily requires airway support rather than high oxygen levels.

Choice D rationale

A simple face mask delivers a moderate concentration of oxygen (40% to 60%) and requires a flow rate of 5 to 8 liters per minute. While it provides more oxygen than a nasal cannula, it does not address the airway obstruction inherent in sleep apnea and is therefore not the expected device for this condition.

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Which expected outcome demonstrates the effectiveness of a plan of care to promote rest and sleep?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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