Which finding indicates that a client receiving antiretroviral therapy is having an effective response?

Decreased surface antigens

Increased CD4 cells

Decreased killer T cells

Increased viral burden

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Decreased surface antigens are more relevant to hepatitis B infection than to monitoring HIV treatment effectiveness.
B. Increased CD4 cells indicate an effective response to antiretroviral therapy, as CD4 cells are a key component of the immune system that HIV targets and destroys. Effective therapy allows CD4 counts to recover.
C. Decreased killer T cells (CD8 cells) would not be a desired effect; these cells help control viral infections, including HIV.
D. Increased viral burden (or viral load) suggests worsening of the infection, not improvement. Effective therapy should decrease the viral load.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Anorexia is a common symptom after surgery and may be due to the stress of surgery, anesthesia, or the body's adjustment to changes in digestion. While it requires monitoring, it is not an immediate concern unless it worsens or is accompanied by other signs of complications.
B. Mild to moderate pain is expected after surgery, especially following major procedures like gastric cancer surgery. Pain management is important, but it is not usually an immediate concern unless it is severe, unmanageable, or worsens suddenly.
C. Excessive sweating (diaphoresis) after surgery could indicate a serious complication, such as hypovolemic shock, infection, or a cardiovascular event. It is critical for the nurse to assess for other signs, such as low blood pressure, rapid heart rate, or fever, and take immediate action.
D. Nausea can occur after surgery and is a common side effect from anesthesia, pain medications, or the digestive system adjusting. While it requires management, it is typically not as urgent as diaphoresis, unless it is persistent or associated with other concerning symptoms like vomiting or dehydration.

A. Renal impairment B. A profound feeling of tiredness C. Weight loss D. Development of bone marrow suppression

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Renal impairment is not a common complication directly associated with radiation therapy for esophageal cancer. Radiation typically affects the targeted area and surrounding tissues, not the kidneys.
B. A profound feeling of tiredness (fatigue) is a common side effect of radiation therapy, as it affects the body's energy levels, but it is generally expected and not necessarily a sign of a complication.
C. Weight loss is a common symptom of esophageal cancer itself due to difficulty swallowing and poor nutrition, as well as a side effect of radiation therapy. However, it is not necessarily an indication of a complication but rather a normal symptom of the disease and its treatment.
D. Radiation therapy can cause bone marrow suppression, which impacts the production of blood cells. This is a serious complication and can lead to anemia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia, increasing the risk of infections, bleeding, and fatigue. Therefore, development of bone marrow suppression would be a critical finding to address.

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Which finding indicates that a client receiving antiretroviral therapy is having an effective response?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which assessment finding requires an immediate intervention by the nurse for the patient after surgery for the treatment of gastric cancer?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

In assessing a client with esophageal cancer being treated with radiation therapy, which finding(s) would alert the nurse to a possible complication of this treatment?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client immediately following the insertion of a permanent pacemaker. Which intervention should be included in the plan of care?

The nurse is viewing orders for a client with a suspected diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The nurse recognizes that which laboratory test order set will most effectively guide the provider to a diagnosis of DIC?

The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestation of metastasis to the liver in the patient diagnosed with esophageal cancer?

The nurse is performing the safety checks prior to initiating a packed red blood cell transfusion for a patient whose blood type is A positive. The nurse observes the unit is AB negative. What is the nurse's best first action?

The nurse is caring for a client with the nursing problem of Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements related to painful oral lesions. Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care?

During a routine physical examination, a nurse observes a 1-cm (0.4-in) lesion on a client's chest. The lesion is raised and flesh-colored with pearly white borders. The nurse should recognize that this finding is suggestive of which of the following types of skin cancer?

The nurse assessing the client diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD) would expect which of the following assessment findings?

A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who has neutropenia as a result of radiation therapy for the treatment of lung cancer. Which of the following should the nurse plan to include in the teaching?