Which finding(s) should the nurse expect to assess in a 16-year-old client diagnosed with cystic fibrosis admitted to the hospital for decreased results on pulmonary function tests (PFTs)?
Meconium ileus.
Blood-streaked sputum.
Clear breath sounds bilaterally.
Dyspnea.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Meconium ileus is a concern in newborns with cystic fibrosis due to thick meconium, which can cause intestinal obstruction. At 16 years old, this complication is not relevant to the client's current condition.
Choice B rationale:
Blood-streaked sputum is a likely finding in a 16-year-old with cystic fibrosis and decreased pulmonary function. Cystic fibrosis leads to mucus accumulation and lung infections, which can cause blood vessels to rupture, resulting in blood-streaked sputum.
Choice C rationale:
Clear breath sounds bilaterally indicate healthy lung function, which is not expected in a client with cystic fibrosis and decreased PFT results. Breath sounds are likely to be diminished due to mucus accumulation.
Choice D rationale:
Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is a common symptom in clients with cystic fibrosis and decreased pulmonary function. However, the question asks about the expected findings that the nurse should assess, not a symptom that the client might report.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Urine output 76 mL/24 hours.
Choice A rationale:
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) of 14 mg/dL falls within the normal range (7-20 mg/dL) and is not an immediate concern.
Choice B rationale:
Serum Creatinine of 0.4 mg/dL is also within the normal range (0.2-0.5 mg/dL) and does not warrant immediate action.
Choice C rationale:
Urine output of 76 mL/24 hours is significantly decreased from the expected normal range (1-2 mL/kg/hour), indicating potential kidney dysfunction or dehydration. This requires immediate action to assess the child's hydration status and kidney function.
Choice D rationale:
Hb (Hemoglobin) of 12 g/dL is within the normal range for a 5-year-old child (11.5-15.5 g/dL) and does not necessitate urgent intervention.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The statement about an increased risk for developing obesity is accurate. However, this does not indicate a need for further education about Down syndrome, as obesity is a common concern in the general population as well.
Choice B rationale:
The statement about an increased risk for developing diabetes would indicate a need for further education. Individuals with Down syndrome are indeed at an elevated risk of developing diabetes, often in their early adulthood.
Choice C rationale:
The statement about an increased risk for developing cataracts is accurate. However, it is not a primary concern associated with Down syndrome in infancy.
Choice D rationale:
The statement about skeletal abnormalities is accurate. While individuals with Down syndrome can have certain skeletal features, this is not a critical concern during infancy.
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