Which flap made of cartilage prevents food and water from entering the respiratory passages?
Epiglottis
Tonsils
Uvula
Appendix
The Correct Answer is A
A. Epiglottis: The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that covers the laryngeal opening during swallowing to prevent food or liquid from entering the airway.
B. Tonsils: Tonsils are lymphatic tissues in the pharynx that help trap pathogens, not prevent aspiration.
C. Uvula: The uvula helps close off the nasopharynx, not the trachea, during swallowing.
D. Appendix: The appendix is a blind-ended tube attached to the cecum; it plays no role in swallowing or airway protection.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The stomach wall is thrown into folds called villi and microvilli: Villi and microvilli are found in the small intestine, not the stomach. The stomach has rugae.
B. The esophagus connects the pharynx with the trachea: The esophagus connects the pharynx to the stomach; the trachea connects to the lungs.
C. The pyloric sphincter and ileocecal valve are located at the entrance and exit of the small intestine: The pyloric sphincter regulates entry from the stomach to duodenum, and the ileocecal valve controls flow from the ileum to cecum.
D. The cecum and colon are parts of the small intestine: They are parts of the large intestine, not the small intestine.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Decreases the reabsorption of water: Most diuretics act by preventing the reabsorption of sodium and water in the nephron, increasing urine output.
B. Decreases GFR (glomerular filtration rate): Diuretics do not usually decrease GFR; some may slightly increase or maintain it.
C. Activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: Diuretics often reduce blood volume, which might trigger RAAS as a compensatory mechanism, but activation of RAAS is not the drug’s direct action.
D. Causes the release of ADH: Diuretics counteract the action of ADH by promoting diuresis.
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