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Which of the following is MOST likely to cause polyuria (excessive passing of urine)?

A.

Decreased GFR (glomerular filtration rate)

B.

Over secretion of aldosterone

C.

Decrease amounts of ADH

D.

Activation of angiotensinogen

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Decreased GFR (glomerular filtration rate): A low GFR would reduce urine output, not increase it.

B. Over secretion of aldosterone: Aldosterone promotes sodium and water reabsorption, which decreases urine output.

C. Decrease amounts of ADH: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) helps retain water. A deficiency leads to diuresis, causing polyuria (as seen in diabetes insipidus).

D. Activation of angiotensinogen: This leads to vasoconstriction and aldosterone release, promoting water retention, not polyuria.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. An increase in GFR increases urine formation: A higher GFR means more plasma is filtered, leading to more urine production.

B. It is not an indication of kidney function: GFR is a primary indicator of kidney function.

C. A decrease in GFR causes polyuria: A low GFR usually leads to oliguria (low urine output), not polyuria.

D. It is unaffected by blood pressure: GFR is directly influenced by blood pressure; low pressure decreases filtration.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Decreased GFR (glomerular filtration rate): A low GFR would reduce urine output, not increase it.

B. Over secretion of aldosterone: Aldosterone promotes sodium and water reabsorption, which decreases urine output.

C. Decrease amounts of ADH: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) helps retain water. A deficiency leads to diuresis, causing polyuria (as seen in diabetes insipidus).

D. Activation of angiotensinogen: This leads to vasoconstriction and aldosterone release, promoting water retention, not polyuria.

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