Which laboratory test results should the nurse monitor in a patient who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine.

Serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus.

Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.

Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
Monitoring leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine is not the most crucial for a patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). While these lab values can provide information about the patient’s immune function and thyroid function, they do not directly relate to the patient’s renal function.
Choice B rationale
Monitoring serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus levels is crucial for a patient with ESRD. These electrolytes are typically excreted by the kidneys, and their levels can become imbalanced in patients with ESRD. Imbalances can lead to serious complications, such as cardiac arrhythmias and bone disease.
Choice C rationale
Monitoring erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit is important for a patient with ESRD, as these patients often develop anemia due to decreased erythropoietin production by the kidneys. However, these are not the only lab values that should be monitored in these patients.
Choice D rationale

Monitoring blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature is important for all patients, but these are not specific to patients with ESRD. Patients with ESRD are at risk for electrolyte imbalances, which can affect cardiac function, making monitoring of serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus levels more crucial.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While taking the blood pressure in the other arm might avoid the spasms, it does not address the underlying cause of the spasms. Therefore, this is not the best action for the nurse to take.
Choice B rationale

Using a different sphygmomanometer would not necessarily prevent the spasms from occurring. The spasms are likely not caused by the equipment itself, but rather a physiological issue within the client.
Choice C rationale
The spasms in the client’s hand and fingers could be a sign of hypocalcemia, a condition where there is not enough calcium in the blood. One of the symptoms of hypocalcemia is muscle spasms or tetany. Therefore, reviewing the client’s serum calcium level would be an appropriate action to take.
Choice D rationale
Administering a PRN antianxiety medication would not address the underlying cause of the spasms. While anxiety can cause muscle tension and spasms, there is no indication in the scenario that anxiety is the cause of this client’s symptoms.

A. Malignancy B. Bacterial infection C. Viral infection D. Lymphangitis .

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A large, non-tender, hardened lymph node without overlying tissue inflammation could indicate malignancy. Lymph nodes may become enlarged or hard due to the presence of cancer cells.
Choice B rationale

While bacterial infections can cause lymph node enlargement, they typically also cause tenderness and overlying skin changes, such as redness or warmth.
Choice C rationale
Viral infections can cause generalized lymph node enlargement, but the nodes are usually tender and not hard.
Choice D rationale
Lymphangitis, or inflammation of the lymphatic channels, typically presents with red streaks on the skin, fever, and tenderness.

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Which laboratory test results should the nurse monitor in a patient who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) reports that a client’s right hand and fingers spasm when taking the blood pressure using the same arm. After confirming the presence of the spasms, which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

An adult patient visits the clinic expressing concern about a lump that appeared on their neck about a week ago. Upon examination, the nurse finds a large, non-tender, hardened left subclavian lymph node without any overlying tissue inflammation. What could these findings indicate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse in the emergency department is collecting evidence for a rape kit from a woman who reports that she was raped while returning to her dormitory from the university library. Which intervention is most crucial for the nurse to implement?

An adolescent patient with a non-union of a comminuted fracture of the tibia is admitted with osteomyelitis. After the healthcare provider collects bone aspirate specimens for culture and sensitivity and applies a cast to the adolescent’s lower leg, what should the nurse do next?

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The nurse instructs an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to turn an immobilized older client with an indwelling urinary catheter every two hours. Which additional action should the nurse instruct the UAP to take each time the client is turned?

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A client who follows Mormon beliefs is on a clear liquid diet following abdominal surgery. Which menu items should the nurse request for this client? Select all that apply.