Which law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of its individual gases?
Henry's
Dalton's
Charles's
Valsalva's
Boyle's
The Correct Answer is B
A. Henry's: Henry’s law explains how the solubility of a gas in a liquid is proportional to its partial pressure above the liquid. It is essential for understanding how oxygen and carbon dioxide dissolve in blood, but it does not describe how total pressure in a gas mixture is determined.
B. Dalton's: Dalton’s law of partial pressures states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas. This law is crucial in respiratory physiology, as it allows calculation of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen tensions in alveolar air and blood.
C. Charles's: Charles’s law describes the direct relationship between gas volume and temperature at constant pressure. While it explains how gas expands when heated, it does not relate to the additive pressures of multiple gases in a mixture.
D. Valsalva's: The Valsalva maneuver is a physiological action involving forceful exhalation against a closed glottis, affecting intrathoracic and cardiovascular pressures. It is unrelated to gas laws and does not provide information about partial or total pressures.
E. Boyle's: Boyle’s law states that the volume of a gas varies inversely with pressure at constant temperature. It explains how compression or expansion of a single gas affects its volume, but it does not address the total pressure of a mixture of gases.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Cholesterol is a critical component in the body, serving as the precursor for all steroid hormones, including cortisol, aldosterone, estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone. Without cholesterol, the body would be unable to produce these hormones, which regulate metabolism, immune function, electrolyte balance, and reproductive processes.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. Superior and inferior venae cavae:The venae cavae carry deoxygenated blood from the body into the right atrium, not toward the lungs. They are part of systemic venous return, not pulmonary circulation.
B. Aorta and pulmonary arteries:The aorta carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body, so it does not transport blood to the lungs. Only the pulmonary arteries are involved in carrying blood toward the lungs.
C. Pulmonary trunk and veins:The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium, which is away from the lungs. Only the pulmonary trunk directs blood toward the lungs.
D. Pulmonary arteries and veins:While the pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs, the pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood to the heart. Only arteries carry blood toward the lungs.
E. Pulmonary trunk and arteries:The pulmonary trunk originates from the right ventricle and branches into the left and right pulmonary arteries, which transport deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation. This makes them the correct structures for carrying blood toward the lungs.
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