Which nursing activity reflects care given on the tertiary level of healthcare delivery? Select All that Apply
Teaching the client about exercise programs
Recommending regular exams
Assisting a 35-year-old female with a mammogram
Educating the client about safe habits
Assisting with transplant surgery
Correct Answer : E
A. This reflects primary care. Teaching clients about exercise is aimed at promoting health and preventing disease, which is a fundamental aspect of primary healthcare.
B. This also pertains to secondary care. Regular exams are important for early detection of health issues, helping to catch problems before they become more serious. This activity does not reflect tertiary care.
C. This activity is related to secondary care. A mammogram is a screening tool used for early detection of breast cancer. Assisting with this procedure does not represent tertiary care, as it focuses on prevention and early diagnosis rather than treatment of an established condition.
D. This is another example of primary care. Educating clients about safe habits is aimed at promoting health and preventing injury or illness, which aligns with primary prevention efforts.
E. This is the correct choice and reflects tertiary care. Transplant surgery is a complex procedure that involves specialized medical intervention for individuals with severe health conditions. It is focused on treatment after a disease has progressed, which is characteristic of tertiary care.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This is an example of primary prevention. Vaccinations are aimed at preventing illness before it occurs by building immunity, making this an action focused on health promotion and disease prevention.
B. This is an example of secondary prevention. Mammograms are screening tests used to detect breast cancer early in asymptomatic individuals, allowing for early intervention and treatment. This level of prevention focuses on early detection and intervention.
C. This is an example of tertiary prevention. An echocardiogram is used to assess and manage an existing health condition (heart failure) rather than to prevent the onset of a disease. This level of prevention focuses on managing and minimizing the effects of established diseases.
D. This does not represent a level of prevention but rather indicates a decision to not pursue further diagnostic testing based on the absence of symptoms. This choice aligns more with the absence of active preventive measures rather than a defined level of prevention.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hearing loss primarily affects the sensory aspect of communication rather than cognitive function itself. While it can certainly hinder effective communication, it does not fall under cognitive factors, as it involves the physical ability to hear rather than cognitive processing.
B. Similar to hearing loss, vision loss impacts sensory perception rather than cognitive processing. While it can affect how information is received (e.g., reading written materials), it is not a cognitive factor per se.
C. Excessive environmental noise can disrupt communication by making it difficult to hear or focus on conversations, but it is also not categorized as a cognitive factor. It pertains more to the environmental context affecting communication.
D. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can significantly impact cognitive factors related to communication, including understanding social cues, interpreting language, and processing information. Individuals with ASD may have unique communication styles and challenges that affect their ability to engage in conversations effectively.
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