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Which of the following aspects of bipolar disorder predicts a favorable response to lithium treatment?

A.

Rapid cycling

B.

Euthymic intervals

C.

Psychotic symptoms

D.

Mixed episodes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Rapid cycling is associated with a poorer response to lithium, often requiring alternative or adjunctive therapies.

Choice B reason: Clear euthymic intervals between episodes are associated with classic bipolar disorder, which predicts a favorable response to lithium treatment.

Choice C reason: Psychotic symptoms do not reliably predict lithium response; these patients may require additional antipsychotic therapy.

Choice D reason: Mixed episodes often respond less predictably to lithium alone and may need combination therapy.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Remdesivir is an antiviral and is not commonly associated with mood disturbances such as mania.

Choice B reason: Albuterol can cause mild nervousness or tremor but rarely induces full manic episodes.

Choice C reason: Famotidine is an H2 receptor antagonist and is not associated with mania.

Choice D reason: Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid that can induce psychiatric side effects including mania, agitation, and psychosis, particularly in older adults or those with underlying vulnerabilities.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because DSM-4 had already removed homosexuality as a psychiatric disorder in 1973, long before DSM-4 or DSM-5. Therefore, this does not represent a change between DSM-4 and DSM-5.

Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect because DSM-5 actually emphasizes consideration of psychosocial and contextual factors in diagnosis, rather than eliminating them. The assessment still incorporates these factors in clinical formulation.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect because DSM-5 eliminated the multiaxial system, which had five axes in DSM-4, and did not replace it with a two-axis system. The DSM-5 uses a single-axis approach with dimensional assessments.

Choice D reason: This choice is correct because DSM-5 removed the multiaxial assessment system that was used in DSM-4, which included five separate axes for diagnosis. This is one of the primary structural changes between the two editions.

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