Which of the following BEST describes an advance directive?

Choice A rationale
The client speaking another language is an important factor to consider, but it is not the most comprehensive factor. Language barriers can affect communication and understanding, but they can be addressed with interpreters and translation services. Considering the client’s culture encompasses language and other cultural aspects that influence healthcare.
Choice B rationale
The client having decreased vision but wearing glasses is a specific factor related to sensory perception. While it is important to consider, it does not encompass the broader cultural context that can impact healthcare. Addressing vision issues is part of a comprehensive assessment, but culture provides a more holistic understanding.
Choice C rationale
The client having hearing loss but functioning hearing aids is another specific factor related to sensory perception. It is important to consider for effective communication, but it does not provide a comprehensive understanding of the client’s cultural background and its impact on healthcare.
Choice D rationale
The client’s culture is the most comprehensive factor to consider. Culture influences health beliefs, practices, communication styles, and decision-making. Understanding the client’s cultural background helps the nurse provide culturally competent care, build trust, and address any potential cultural barriers to healthcare.

Choice A rationale
Correcting the physician’s orders to match the chart is not within the nurse’s scope of practice. Nurses should not alter physician orders.
Choice B rationale
Ignoring the discrepancy is not appropriate. Nurses have a responsibility to ensure patient safety and accurate documentation.
Choice C rationale
Documenting the discrepancy but taking no further action does not address the potential risk to patient safety. Further action is necessary.
Choice D rationale
Documenting the discrepancy and notifying the physician is the correct course of action. This ensures that the physician is aware of the issue and can make any necessary corrections.