Which of the following best describes the concept of immunity?
The body's ability to tolerate foreign substances without a response.
The body's ability to produce antibodies against specific pathogens.
The body's ability to prevent infections from occurring.
The body's ability to fight off any type of infection.
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: The body's ability to produce antibodies against specific pathogens. Immunity refers to the body's ability to recognize and respond to specific pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses, by producing antibodies that target and neutralize these invaders.
Incorrect choices:
a. The body's ability to tolerate foreign substances without a response is not immunity but rather the concept of immunological tolerance, which prevents the immune system from attacking the body's own cells and tissues.
c. Immunity does not guarantee the prevention of infections, but it provides protection and reduces the severity of infections upon subsequent exposures to the same pathogen.
d. While the immune system is designed to fight off infections, it is not capable of fighting off all types of infections equally. The immune response is specific to the type of pathogen encountered.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is recommended for older adults to protect against pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. The influenza vaccine is recommended annually for people of all ages to prevent the flu.
Incorrect choices:
a. The hepatitis B vaccine is not specifically recommended for older adults to prevent pneumonia.
b. The influenza vaccine protects against the flu, not pneumonia.
d. The HPV vaccine is recommended for adolescents and young adults, not older adults, and does not protect against pneumonia.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the myelin sheath, the protective covering of nerve fibers in the central nervous system, leading to communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body.
Incorrect choices:
a. Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the joints, not the central nervous system.
b. Sjögren's syndrome primarily affects the salivary and lacrimal glands, not the central nervous system.
d. Crohn's disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects the gastrointestinal tract, not the central nervous system.
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