Which of the following best describes the concept of immunity?
The body's ability to tolerate foreign substances without a response.
The body's ability to produce antibodies against specific pathogens.
The body's ability to prevent infections from occurring.
The body's ability to fight off any type of infection.
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: The body's ability to produce antibodies against specific pathogens. Immunity refers to the body's ability to recognize and respond to specific pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses, by producing antibodies that target and neutralize these invaders.
Incorrect choices:
a. The body's ability to tolerate foreign substances without a response is not immunity but rather the concept of immunological tolerance, which prevents the immune system from attacking the body's own cells and tissues.
c. Immunity does not guarantee the prevention of infections, but it provides protection and reduces the severity of infections upon subsequent exposures to the same pathogen.
d. While the immune system is designed to fight off infections, it is not capable of fighting off all types of infections equally. The immune response is specific to the type of pathogen encountered.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: Immune disorders can result from either an overactive immune system (autoimmune disorders) or an underactive immune system (immunodeficiency disorders). In autoimmune disorders, the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, while in immunodeficiency disorders, the immune system is weakened, making the individual more susceptible to infections.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: Memory cells recognize and respond rapidly to previously encountered pathogens. Memory cells are a type of immune cell that are formed after an initial infection or vaccination. They "remember" the specific pathogen and allow the immune system to mount a faster and stronger response upon subsequent exposures to the same pathogen, providing long-term immunity.
Incorrect choices:
a. Memory cells do not directly attack pathogens in the body. They serve as a form of immune "memory" to help the body respond more effectively to future infections.
b. Memory cells do not produce antibodies upon initial pathogen exposure. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies in response to the pathogen.
d. Memory cells do not regulate the body's temperature during an infection. Temperature regulation is mainly controlled by the hypothalamus in the brain in response to infection or other stimuli.
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