Which of the following immune disorders is characterized by the presence of chronic, widespread pain, fatigue, and tender points in specific areas of the body?
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Fibromyalgia
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Sjögren's syndrome
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, and tender points in specific areas of the body, such as the neck, shoulders, back, and hips.
Incorrect choices:
a. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that can affect multiple organs and systems, including the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system.
c. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system, causing symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, and coordination problems.
d. Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to dry eyes and dry mouth.
True or False: Immune disorders can be caused by both genetic and environmental factors.
Explanation: Immune disorders can result from a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. Some individuals may have a genetic susceptibility to developing certain immune disorders, and exposure to certain environmental factors, such as infections or certain substances, can trigger the immune response leading to the development of the disorder.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: T cells are a type of lymphocyte that plays a crucial role in cell-mediated immunity. They are responsible for recognizing and directly attacking infected or abnormal cells in the body. There are two main types of T cells: cytotoxic T cells, which directly kill infected cells, and helper T cells, which assist in coordinating the immune response.
Incorrect choices:
a. B cells are responsible for the production of antibodies and are involved in the humoral immune response, which targets pathogens outside of cells. They do not directly recognize and destroy infected cells.
c. Macrophages are antigen-presenting cells that engulf and process pathogens to present their antigens to other immune cells. While they are involved in immune recognition, they do not primarily recognize and destroy infected cells.
d. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell involved in the innate immune response. They primarily target and destroy bacteria and other foreign invaders in the body, but they do not have the specific recognition capabilities of T cells.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T cells) are the effector cells of cell-mediated immunity. Their primary role is to directly recognize and kill infected or abnormal cells, such as virus-infected cells or cancer cells. Cytotoxic T cells release cytotoxic granules containing perforin and granzymes, which induce apoptosis (cell death) in the target cells.
Incorrect choices:
a. Helper T cells, not cytotoxic T cells, recognize antigens presented by macrophages and play a crucial role in activating other immune cells.
b. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies against pathogens during the humoral immune response, not cytotoxic T cells.
d. Regulatory T cells (suppressor T cells) are involved in regulating the immune response to prevent excessive inflammation and tissue damage, not cytotoxic T cells.
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