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Which of the following conditions could potentially lead to a gastrointestinal bleed? (Select all that apply.)

Pancreatitis

Peptic ulcer disease

Inflammatory bowel disease

Gastrointestinal malignancy

Diverticulosis

Gallbladder disease

Hypothyroidism

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E

Choice A rationale
Pancreatitis can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding. Inflammation of the pancreas can cause damage to the organ’s blood vessels, leading to bleeding. This can be a serious complication of pancreatitis.
Choice B rationale
Peptic ulcer disease is a common cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. Ulcers are sores that develop on the lining of the stomach, upper small intestine, or esophagus. When these ulcers erode into blood vessels, bleeding can occur.
Choice C rationale
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes conditions like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, can cause ulcers in the digestive tract. These ulcers can bleed, leading to gastrointestinal bleeding.
Choice D rationale
Gastrointestinal malignancy, or cancer, can cause gastrointestinal bleeding. Tumors can erode into blood vessels or cause ulcers that bleed.
Choice E rationale
Diverticulosis involves the formation of small pouches in the wall of the digestive tract. These pouches can bleed, leading to gastrointestinal bleeding.
Choice F rationale
Gallbladder disease typically does not cause gastrointestinal bleeding. The gallbladder stores bile, a fluid produced by the liver to digest fats. While gallstones and inflammation of the gallbladder are common, they do not usually lead to gastrointestinal bleeding.
Choice G rationale
Hypothyroidism, a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone, is not typically associated with gastrointestinal bleeding. Symptoms of hypothyroidism can include fatigue, weight gain, and depression, but not gastrointestinal bleeding.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A patient with acute pancreatitis sitting in a high Fowler’s position leaning over the bedside table may be experiencing discomfort, but it is not an immediate life-threatening situation.
Choice B rationale
A patient who had bariatric surgery and is reporting shoulder pain and heart racing could be experiencing complications such as a pulmonary embolism, which is a life-threatening condition. This patient should be seen first.
Choice C rationale
A patient who is one-day post-op after an intestinal resection and colostomy and has no effluent in the bag may need further assessment, but it is not an immediate life-threatening situation.
Choice D rationale
A patient with cirrhosis reporting loose stools may be uncomfortable, but it is not an immediate life-threatening situation.

A. Blood pressure 118/76 mm Hg, heart rate 92/min, temperature 38.1° C (100.6° F), oxygen saturation 95% on room air. B. Blood pressure 126/84 mm Hg, heart rate 104/min, respiratory rate 24/min, temperature 38.5 C (101.3* F), oxygen saturation 92% on room air.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
The vital signs presented in this choice are within the normal range. A blood pressure of 118/76 mm Hg is considered normal. A heart rate of 92/min is slightly elevated but still within the normal range (60-100 beats per minute). A temperature of 38.1° C (100.6° F) indicates a slight fever, which could be a response to an infection or inflammation. An oxygen saturation of 95% on room air is within the normal range (95%-100%).
Choice B rationale
The vital signs presented in this choice indicate that the patient may be experiencing a respiratory issue. A blood pressure of 126/84 mm Hg is slightly elevated but still within the acceptable range. A heart rate of 104/min is high, indicating that the heart is working harder than normal. A respiratory rate of 24/min is also high, suggesting that the patient may be having difficulty breathing. A temperature of 38.5 C (101.3* F) indicates a fever, which could be a response to an infection. An oxygen saturation of 92% on room air is below the normal range (95%-100%), suggesting that the patient is not getting enough oxygen. This is the vital sign that should be addressed first.

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Which of the following conditions could potentially lead to a gastrointestinal bleed? (Select all that apply.)

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Correct Answer is B

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Correct Answer is B

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