Which of the following describes Locked-in Syndrome?
Inability to move or respond except for eye movements due to a lesion affecting the pons
Unconsciousness, unarousable unresponsiveness
Unresponsiveness to the environment, makes no movement or sound but sometimes opens eyes
Devoid of cognitive function but has sleep-wake cycles
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A: Inability to move or respond except for eye movements due to a lesion affecting the pons is a description of locked-in syndrome, as it is a state of complete paralysis and preserved consciousness caused by damage to the brainstem.
Choice B: Unconsciousness, unarousable unresponsiveness is not a description of locked-in syndrome, but rather a description of coma, as it is a state of complete loss of consciousness and reflexes caused by severe brain injury.
Choice C: Unresponsiveness to the environment, makes no movement or sound but sometimes opens eyes is not a description of locked-in syndrome, but rather a description of akinetic mutism, as it is a state of severe apathy and reduced motor activity caused by damage to the frontal lobes or basal ganglia.
Choice D: Devoid of cognitive function but has sleep-wake cycles is not a description of locked-in syndrome, but rather a description of persistent vegetative state, as it is a state of minimal awareness and responsiveness caused by widespread brain damage.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A: Encouraging lots of visitors is incorrect because it can increase the stimulation, stress, and noise level for the patient with a hemorrhagic stroke. A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding tissue. This can cause increased intracranial pressure, brain damage, or death. The patient needs to rest and avoid any factors that can raise their blood pressure or worsen their condition.
Choice B: Out of bed with lots of walking in the halls is incorrect because it can also increase the risk of complications for the patient with a hemorrhagic stroke. The patient may have impaired mobility, balance, or coordination due to the brain injury. They may also have weakness, numbness, or paralysis on one side of the body. The patient needs to be assessed and assisted with their activity level and safety precautions.
Choice C: Nonstimulating, nonstressful environment; dim lighting, visitors are restricted is correct because it can help reduce the intracranial pressure and promote healing for the patient with a hemorrhagic stroke. The patient needs to have a quiet, calm, and comfortable environment that minimizes sensory input and emotional distress. The patient also needs to have limited and supervised visitors who are supportive and respectful of their needs.
Choice D: All of the above are incorrect because only choice c) is appropriate for the patient with a hemorrhagic stroke. Choices a) and b) are contraindicated and can harm or hinder the patient's recovery. The nurse should provide individualized and evidence-based care for the patient with a hemorrhagic stroke and follow the guidelines and protocols for stroke management.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Pressure ulcer is not the most serious complication of a patient with altered level of consciousness, but rather a common and preventable complication that can cause skin breakdown, infection, and pain.
Choice B: Aspiration is the most serious complication of a patient with altered level of consciousness, as it can cause pneumonia, respiratory failure, and death.
Choice C: Contractures is not the most serious complication of a patient with altered level of consciousness, but rather a potential and reversible complication that can cause muscle stiffness, joint deformity, and reduced mobility.
Choice D: Deep vein thrombosis is not the most serious complication of a patient with altered level of consciousness, but rather a possible and treatable complication that can cause blood clots, swelling, and pain in the legs.
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