Which of the following element's ions are necessary for proper conduction of nerve impuises?
I
P
Fe
Na
The Correct Answer is D
A. I: Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production, which regulates metabolism. However, it does not play a direct role in generating or transmitting nerve impulses.
B. P: Phosphorus is a key component of ATP, nucleic acids, and phospholipids in cell membranes. While it supports energy metabolism, it is not directly responsible for nerve impulse conduction.
C. Fe: Iron is primarily required for hemoglobin and myoglobin to transport oxygen. It is vital for cellular respiration but does not contribute to the electrical activity of neurons.
D. Na: Sodium ions are critical for nerve impulse conduction. During action potentials, sodium influx into neurons initiates depolarization, making sodium indispensable for proper nerve signaling.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A double layer of proteins enclosing the plasma: Proteins are embedded within the plasma membrane and serve as channels, receptors, or structural support, but the membrane itself is not composed of a double layer of proteins.
B. A membrane composed of tiny shelves or cristae: Cristae are folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane that increase surface area for energy production. They are specific to mitochondria and do not describe the plasma membrane.
C. A single-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus of the cell: The nuclear envelope surrounds the nucleus and consists of a double lipid bilayer, not a single layer, and is distinct from the plasma membrane.
D. A phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell: The plasma membrane consists of a phospholipid bilayer with hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails inward. Embedded proteins and carbohydrates allow selective permeability, communication, and protection of the cell.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Cholesterols: Cholesterol is a lipid molecule involved in cell membrane structure and as a precursor for steroid hormones, not as a catalyst for biochemical reactions.
B. Triglycerides: Triglycerides are fats used primarily for energy storage and insulation, and they do not function as enzymes.
C. Proteins: Most enzymes are proteins composed of amino acids. Their three-dimensional structure allows them to bind substrates and catalyze biochemical reactions efficiently, making them essential for metabolic processes.
D. Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates serve as energy sources and structural molecules but do not act as enzymes to catalyze reactions.
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