Which of the following explanations should the nurse include when teaching parents why it is difficult to diagnose a child or adolescent exhibiting symptoms of bipolar disorder? Select all that apply.

Children are naturally active, energetic, and spontaneous.

The diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder cannot be assigned prior to the age of 18.

Symptoms of bipolar disorder are similar to those of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Neurotransmitter levels vary considerably in accordance with age.

Genetic predisposition is not a reliable diagnostic determinant.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D,E

Choice A reason: Children's natural activity levels and spontaneity can mimic the hyperactivity of bipolar mania, making it challenging to differentiate between typical behavior and symptoms of a mood disorder.

Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect; bipolar disorder can be diagnosed before the age of 18. Early-onset bipolar disorder is recognized and can be diagnosed in children and adolescents.

Choice C reason: ADHD and bipolar disorder share common symptoms such as impulsivity and inattention, which can complicate the differential diagnosis, especially in younger populations.

Choice D reason: Neurotransmitter levels do indeed vary with age, which can affect mood and behavior, thereby complicating the diagnosis of bipolar disorder in young individuals.

Choice E reason: While genetic predisposition plays a role in bipolar disorder, it alone is not a definitive diagnostic determinant due to the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Referring the client to a psychiatrist is important for a quick evaluation and treatment of postpartum depression, which can be serious if left untreated.

Choice B reason: Informing the client that symptoms will go away may not be therapeutic if the client is experiencing postpartum depression, which requires professional treatment.

Choice C reason: Discussing involuntary admission may be necessary if there is an immediate risk of harm, but it is not the first therapeutic action to take.

Choice D reason: Preparing for the administration of an IV neuroactive steroid could be part of a treatment plan, but it would typically follow a psychiatric evaluation and diagnosis.

A. "I will start basing my decisions and actions on reality." B. "I am going to have to learn to trust other people." C. "I will be able to differentiate when my suspicions are true." D. "I understand the origins of my paranoid thinking."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: This statement shows that the client is willing to ground their decisions in reality, which is a key step in managing paranoid personality disorder.

Choice B reason: Trusting others is important, but it does not indicate that the client has learned to validate their ideas before acting.

Choice C reason: Differentiating true suspicions is part of managing the disorder, but it does not demonstrate an understanding of the need to validate ideas with others.

Choice D reason: Understanding the origins of paranoid thinking is insightful, but it does not show that the client has learned to validate their ideas before taking action.

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Which of the following explanations should the nurse include when teaching parents why it is difficult to diagnose a child or adolescent exhibiting symptoms of bipolar disorder? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client who delivered a newborn 2 days ago and states that they are experiencing crying spells, anxiety, and sadness that started the day after delivery. Which is the most therapeutic action by the nurse?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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