Which of the following factors can affect the absorption of orally administered drugs?
Stomach pH
Food in the stomach
Blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract
All of the above
The Correct Answer is D
Stomach pH, food in the stomach, and blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract can all affect the absorption of orally administered drugs. For example, some drugs require an acidic environment for optimal absorption and may be affected by changes in stomach pH.
Food in the stomach can delay gastric emptying and slow down drug absorption.
Blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract can affect drug absorption by altering the rate at which drugs are delivered to the absorption site.
a. Stomach pH alone can affect drug absorption, but it is not the only factor.
b. Food in the stomach alone can affect drug absorption, but it is not the only factor.
c. Blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract alone can affect drug absorption, but it is not the only factor.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Answer: A. Enteric-coated tablets
Rationale:
A) Enteric-coated tablets: Enteric-coated tablets should not be crushed as they are designed to dissolve in the intestines rather than the stomach. Crushing these tablets can destroy the coating, leading to stomach irritation or reducing the drug's effectiveness by releasing it prematurely.
B) Immediate-release tablets: Immediate-release tablets are generally safe to crush as they are designed to dissolve quickly and release their medication immediately. However, it is essential to confirm with each medication as some exceptions exist.
C) Chewable tablets: Chewable tablets are meant to be chewed for quicker absorption, especially for individuals with difficulty swallowing. Crushing is unnecessary and does not alter the intended function of these tablets.
D) Sublingual tablets: Sublingual tablets are designed for absorption under the tongue to bypass the digestive system and enter the bloodstream directly. Crushing sublingual tablets may impair their efficacy as the medication would not be absorbed as intended.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Oral drug administration has a slower onset of action compared to other routes such as intravenous or intramuscular administration. This is because orally administered drugs must first pass through the gastrointestinal tract and be absorbed into the bloodstream before they can exert their effects.
a. Convenience and ease of use are advantages of oral drug administration, not disadvantages.
c. Being less expensive than other routes is an advantage of oral drug administration, not a disadvantage.
d. Being non-invasive is an advantage of oral drug administration, not a disadvantage.
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