Which of the following heart diseases are considered acquired? Select all that apply.

Infective endocarditis

Kawasaki disease

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Cardiomyopathy

Transposition of the great vessels

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

Choice A rationale
Infective endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart’s chambers or valves. It’s typically caused by bacteria entering the blood and settling in the heart. It is considered an acquired heart disease because it develops during a person’s lifetime.
Choice B rationale
Kawasaki disease is an illness that causes inflammation in arteries, veins, and capillaries. It’s most common in children younger than 5 years old. While it’s not a heart disease, it can lead to serious heart problems if not treated.
Choice C rationale
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a type of congenital heart defect, meaning it’s present at birth. Therefore, it’s not considered an acquired heart disease.
Choice D rationale
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body. It can be acquired or inherited.
Choice E rationale
Transposition of the great vessels is a serious but rare heart defect present at birth (congenital), in which the two main arteries leaving the heart are reversed (transposed). Therefore, it’s not considered an acquired heart disease.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Indomethacin (Indocin) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that reduces fever, pain and inflammation. It is used to treat moderate to severe osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, or ankylosing spondylitis. It is not used to accelerate fetal lung maturity.
Choice B rationale
Nifedipine (Procardia) is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) or chest pain (angina). It is not used to accelerate fetal lung maturity.
Choice C rationale
Calcium gluconate is used to prevent or to treat calcium deficiencies. It is not used to accelerate fetal lung maturity.
Choice D rationale
Betamethasone (Celestone) is a corticosteroid that is used to mature the lungs in fetuses at risk for preterm birth.

A. Keep the head of the bed at a 30-degree angle. B. Initiate the use of a PCA pump for pain control. C. Reposition the client by log rolling every 4 hours. D. Place the client in protective isolation.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Keeping the head of the bed at a 30-degree angle is not typically necessary following scoliosis repair with Harrington rod instrumentation. The position of the bed is usually determined by the patient’s comfort and the surgeon’s specific post-operative instructions.
Choice B rationale
Initiating the use of a PCA (Patient-Controlled Analgesia) pump for pain control is a common intervention following scoliosis repair with Harrington rod instrumentation. This allows the patient to self-administer pain medication as needed, providing effective and individualized pain control.
Choice C rationale
Repositioning the client by log rolling every 4 hours is a common practice after spinal surgery to prevent pressure ulcers and maintain alignment of the spine. However, it is not the primary intervention in this case.
Choice D rationale
Placing the client in protective isolation is not typically necessary following scoliosis repair with Harrington rod instrumentation. Isolation is usually reserved for patients who are at high risk of infection or who have an infection that could be transmitted to others.

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Which of the following heart diseases are considered acquired? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing care for a client who is in preterm labor at 32 weeks of gestation. Which medication should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe to accelerate fetal lung maturity?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is planning care for an adolescent who is postoperative following scoliosis repair with Harrington rod instrumentation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a postpartum client for fundal height, location, and consistency. The fundus is found to be displaced laterally to the right, and there is uterine atony. Which of the following is the cause of the uterine atony?

A nurse in a prenatal clinic is providing education to a client who is in the 8th week of gestation. The client states that she does not like milk. What is a good source of calcium that the nurse can recommend to the client?

A nurse is attending to a patient who is in preterm labor at 32 weeks of gestation. The patient asks the nurse, “Will my baby be okay?” What should the nurse respond?

A nurse is providing care to multiple clients on the postpartum unit. Which of the following clients is at the greatest risk for developing a puerperal infection?

A nurse is obtaining a health history from a child who has suspected acute rheumatic fever. Which of the following Questions should the nurse ask?

A nurse on the postpartum unit is performing a physical assessment of a client who is being admitted with a suspected deep-vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following clinical findings should the nurse anticipate the client will exhibit?

A nurse is providing care for a 6-month-old infant who underwent a cardiac catheterization. The child was diagnosed with pulmonary stenosis early in infancy and was admitted today for a balloon angioplasty procedure. Which of the following should the nurse plan to include in the discharge teaching?