Which of the following heart diseases are considered acquired? Select all that apply.
Infective endocarditis
Kawasaki disease
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Cardiomyopathy
Transposition of the great vessels
Correct Answer : A,B,D
Choice A rationale
Infective endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart’s chambers or valves. It’s typically caused by bacteria entering the blood and settling in the heart. It is considered an acquired heart disease because it develops during a person’s lifetime.
Choice B rationale
Kawasaki disease is an illness that causes inflammation in arteries, veins, and capillaries. It’s most common in children younger than 5 years old. While it’s not a heart disease, it can lead to serious heart problems if not treated.
Choice C rationale
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a type of congenital heart defect, meaning it’s present at birth. Therefore, it’s not considered an acquired heart disease.
Choice D rationale
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body. It can be acquired or inherited.
Choice E rationale
Transposition of the great vessels is a serious but rare heart defect present at birth (congenital), in which the two main arteries leaving the heart are reversed (transposed). Therefore, it’s not considered an acquired heart disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Practicing Kegel exercises is a common recommendation for postpartum women experiencing urinary incontinence. Kegel exercises strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which support the uterus, bladder, small intestine, and rectum. Strengthening these muscles can help control urinary incontinence.
Choice B rationale
Abdominal crunches are not typically recommended for postpartum women, especially those who have had a cesarean birth. These exercises can strain the abdominal muscles and may interfere with the healing process.
Choice C rationale
Similar to abdominal crunches, sit-ups are not typically recommended for postpartum women, especially those who have had a cesarean birth. These exercises can strain the abdominal muscles and may interfere with the healing process.
Choice D rationale
While pelvic tilt exercises can be beneficial for postpartum women, they are not specifically targeted at improving urinary incontinence.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Maternal bradycardia refers to a slower than normal heart rate in the mother. While it can affect the baby’s health, it doesn’t cause late decelerations on the fetal monitor.
Choice B rationale
Late decelerations are caused by uteroplacental insufficiency, which is a decrease in the blood flow to the placenta that reduces the amount of oxygen and nutrients transferred to the fetus. This is why the nurse would interpret late decelerations as indicating uteroplacental insufficiency.
Choice C rationale
Umbilical cord compression can cause variable decelerations, not late decelerations. Variable decelerations are abrupt decreases in the fetal heart rate, typically associated with contractions, and they vary in onset, depth, and duration.
Choice D rationale
Fetal head compression typically causes early decelerations, not late decelerations. Early decelerations are a mirror image of the contraction and are generally not a concern.
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