Which of the following heart diseases are considered acquired? Select all that apply.

Infective endocarditis

Kawasaki disease

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Cardiomyopathy

Transposition of the great vessels

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

Choice A rationale
Infective endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart’s chambers or valves. It’s typically caused by bacteria entering the blood and settling in the heart. It is considered an acquired heart disease because it develops during a person’s lifetime.
Choice B rationale
Kawasaki disease is an illness that causes inflammation in arteries, veins, and capillaries. It’s most common in children younger than 5 years old. While it’s not a heart disease, it can lead to serious heart problems if not treated.
Choice C rationale
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a type of congenital heart defect, meaning it’s present at birth. Therefore, it’s not considered an acquired heart disease.
Choice D rationale
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body. It can be acquired or inherited.
Choice E rationale
Transposition of the great vessels is a serious but rare heart defect present at birth (congenital), in which the two main arteries leaving the heart are reversed (transposed). Therefore, it’s not considered an acquired heart disease.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Practicing Kegel exercises is a common recommendation for postpartum women experiencing urinary incontinence. Kegel exercises strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which support the uterus, bladder, small intestine, and rectum. Strengthening these muscles can help control urinary incontinence.
Choice B rationale
Abdominal crunches are not typically recommended for postpartum women, especially those who have had a cesarean birth. These exercises can strain the abdominal muscles and may interfere with the healing process.
Choice C rationale
Similar to abdominal crunches, sit-ups are not typically recommended for postpartum women, especially those who have had a cesarean birth. These exercises can strain the abdominal muscles and may interfere with the healing process.
Choice D rationale
While pelvic tilt exercises can be beneficial for postpartum women, they are not specifically targeted at improving urinary incontinence.

A. “This test will indicate if your child has rheumatic fever.”. B. “This test will confirm if your child had a recent streptococcal infection.”. C. “This test will indicate if your child has a therapeutic blood level of an aminoglycoside.”. D. “This test will confirm if your child has immunity to streptococcal bacteria.”.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While an ASO titer test can be used in the diagnosis of rheumatic fever, it does not directly indicate if a child has rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever is a complication that can occur after a streptococcal infection, and it involves multiple systems in the body, not just the presence of streptococcal antibodies.
Choice B rationale
An ASO titer test measures the antibodies produced by your body in response to a toxin known as streptolysin O, which is produced by group A Streptococcus (GAS) bacteria. Your body makes the antistreptolysin O antibodies when you have a strep infection caused by GAS bacteria. Therefore, a positive ASO titer test can confirm if your child had a recent streptococcal infection.
Choice C rationale
An ASO titer test does not measure the blood level of an aminoglycoside or any other therapeutic drug. Aminoglycosides are a class of antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections, and their levels in the blood are typically monitored with specific drug level tests, not an ASO titer.
Choice D rationale
An ASO titer test does not confirm if your child has immunity to streptococcal bacteria. The presence of ASO antibodies indicates a recent infection, but it does not provide information about the immune status or protection against future infections.

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Which of the following heart diseases are considered acquired? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a postpartum client who had a cesarean birth and reports urinary incontinence when sneezing or coughing. What should the nurse recommend?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child who was admitted with suspected rheumatic fever. The provider prescribes an anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titer. The parent asks the nurse the purpose of the test. What should the nurse respond?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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