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Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A.

Increased urine acidity

B.

Increased urine volume

C.

Increased urine salinity

D.

Decreased urine volume

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Increased urine acidity: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) primarily affects water reabsorption in the kidneys, not urine acidity. It does not have a direct effect on the acidity of the urine.

B. Increased urine volume: ADH works to conserve water by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, which decreases urine volume.

C. Increased urine salinity: While ADH does increase water reabsorption, which could concentrate the urine, its direct action is on water retention, not specifically on increasing urine salinity.

D. Decreased urine volume: ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to decreased urine output. This is the direct and correct result of ADH action.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Tubuloglomerular feedback involves the macula densa sensing changes in sodium chloride concentration and adjusting the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) via the juxtaglomerular apparatus.

B. Renal autoregulation includes mechanisms like the myogenic mechanism and tubuloglomerular feedback that maintain stable GFR despite blood pressure changes. This option is too broad and not specific to the mechanism described.

C. The myogenic mechanism refers to the smooth muscle's tendency to contract when stretched, helping to stabilize GFR by adjusting the diameter of the afferent arterioles. This is the correct answer.

D. Sympathetic control influences renal blood flow and GFR through hormonal and nervous system regulation, but it is not the specific mechanism described in the question.

Correct Answer is True

Explanation

Segmentation is a type of intestinal contraction that mixes chyme with digestive enzymes and increases its contact with the mucosa, facilitating digestion and absorption. Propulsion is primarily accomplished by peristalsis, not segmentation. This statement is accurate in describing segmentation's role in the small intestine.

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