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Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A.

Increased urine acidity

B.

Increased urine volume

C.

Increased urine salinity

D.

Decreased urine volume

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Increased urine acidity: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) primarily affects water reabsorption in the kidneys, not urine acidity. It does not have a direct effect on the acidity of the urine.

B. Increased urine volume: ADH works to conserve water by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, which decreases urine volume.

C. Increased urine salinity: While ADH does increase water reabsorption, which could concentrate the urine, its direct action is on water retention, not specifically on increasing urine salinity.

D. Decreased urine volume: ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to decreased urine output. This is the direct and correct result of ADH action.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Sperm; semen: Sperm is the male gamete, and semen is the fluid that contains sperm, but these are not analogous to the ovary, which is a gonad.

B. Testis; semen: The testis is the male gonad that produces sperm, but semen is the fluid that contains sperm. The analogous structure to the ovary is the testis, but this pairing with semen is not correct.

C. Semen; sperm: Semen is the fluid containing sperm, while sperm is the male gamete. Neither is a gonad, so this pairing is not analogous to the ovary.

D. Testis; sperm: The testis is the male gonad that produces sperm, making it analogous to the ovary, which is the female gonad that produces eggs.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus that supports the embryo after implantation, but it does not provide direct fetal nutrition or secrete hormones for fetal development.

B. The placenta is the organ that provides fetal nutrition, gas exchange, and waste removal. It also secretes hormones such as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), progesterone, and estrogen, which are essential for maintaining pregnancy and supporting fetal development.

C. The blastocyst is the early stage of the embryo that implants into the endometrium, but it does not provide fetal nutrition or secrete pregnancy-regulating hormones.

D. The myometrium is the muscular layer of the uterus responsible for contractions during labor, but it does not provide fetal nutrition or secrete hormones.

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