A. The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein: The major chemical buffer systems in the body are the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffer systems.
Glucose is not a buffering system; it is a primary energy source.
Magnesium is a mineral with various physiological roles but not a major chemical buffer system.
Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism, not a buffer system.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Tubuloglomerular feedback involves the macula densa sensing changes in sodium chloride concentration and adjusting the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) via the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
B. Renal autoregulation includes mechanisms like the myogenic mechanism and tubuloglomerular feedback that maintain stable GFR despite blood pressure changes. This option is too broad and not specific to the mechanism described.
C. The myogenic mechanism refers to the smooth muscle's tendency to contract when stretched, helping to stabilize GFR by adjusting the diameter of the afferent arterioles. This is the correct answer.
D. Sympathetic control influences renal blood flow and GFR through hormonal and nervous system regulation, but it is not the specific mechanism described in the question.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Lactose is a sugar in breast milk and is not the only source of nutrition during the first 2-3 days postpartum.
B. Casein is a protein found in breast milk but not the sole source of nutrition for the infant.
C. Colostrum is the nutrient-rich first milk produced by the mother in the first 2-3 days postpartum and provides essential nutrients and antibodies to the newborn.
D. Meconium is the infant's first stool and not a source of nutrition.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Sperm; semen: Sperm is the male gamete, and semen is the fluid that contains sperm, but these are not analogous to the ovary, which is a gonad.
B. Testis; semen: The testis is the male gonad that produces sperm, but semen is the fluid that contains sperm. The analogous structure to the ovary is the testis, but this pairing with semen is not correct.
C. Semen; sperm: Semen is the fluid containing sperm, while sperm is the male gamete. Neither is a gonad, so this pairing is not analogous to the ovary.
D. Testis; sperm: The testis is the male gonad that produces sperm, making it analogous to the ovary, which is the female gonad that produces eggs.
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