Which of the following is a preventative lifestyle change to help protect against heart disease?
Eat more fried foods
Go to cardiac rehabilitation after the person has a heart attack
Eat lean meats (turkey, chicken) and fish, instead of red meat (beef, pork)
Take blood pressure medication, as prescribed
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Fried foods, high in saturated and trans fats, elevate low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, promoting atherosclerosis and increasing heart disease risk. They offer no protective benefit, as their high fat content (9 kcal/gram) contributes to arterial plaque formation, making this an incorrect choice.
Choice B reason: Cardiac rehabilitation is a treatment after a heart attack, not a preventative measure. It improves recovery through exercise and education but does not prevent initial heart disease, as it addresses existing conditions rather than reducing risk factors like cholesterol or hypertension.
Choice C reason: Lean meats (turkey, chicken) and fish, low in saturated fat and rich in omega-3s (fish), reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and atherosclerosis risk. Providing 20-26 grams of protein per 3-ounce serving, they support heart health, making this a key preventative lifestyle change.
Choice D reason: Blood pressure medication manages hypertension, a heart disease risk factor, but is not a lifestyle change. It is a medical intervention, not a preventative dietary or behavioral modification, making it less aligned with proactive heart disease prevention compared to dietary changes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Dried black beans provide about 15 grams of protein per cup but are incomplete, lacking sufficient methionine. Older adults need complete proteins (0.8-1.0 grams/kg daily) to combat sarcopenia, making beans less effective unless paired with complementary foods like grains for a complete amino acid profile.
Choice B reason: Nuts, such as almonds, offer about 7 grams of protein per ounce but are incomplete, deficient in lysine. For older adults, who require high-quality protein to maintain muscle mass, nuts are less optimal as a standalone source compared to complete proteins like yogurt.
Choice C reason: Fresh vegetables like broccoli provide 2-5 grams of protein per cup, insufficient for older adults’ needs (0.8-1.0 grams/kg daily). They lack essential amino acids, making them incomplete and unsuitable as a primary protein source for preventing muscle loss in aging populations.
Choice D reason: Yogurt is a complete protein, providing about 8-10 grams per cup with all essential amino acids. For older adults, it supports muscle maintenance and immune function, countering sarcopenia. Its digestibility and calcium content also benefit bone health, making it an ideal choice.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Cheese and beef enchiladas are high in saturated fats and calories due to beef and cheese, providing about 20 grams of protein but increasing cardiovascular risk. This makes them less ideal for a heart-healthy Mexican protein option compared to leaner choices.
Choice B reason: Steak taco salad contains red meat, which is high in saturated fat and provides about 25 grams of protein per serving. While nutritious, the high fat content increases cholesterol levels, making it less optimal for a healthier protein choice within Mexican cuisine.
Choice C reason: Beef burritos, like other red meat dishes, offer about 20 grams of protein but are high in saturated fats, contributing to heart disease risk. The tortilla and fillings add carbohydrates, but the protein source is not the healthiest for regular consumption.
Choice D reason: Grilled fish tacos on soft corn tortillas provide lean protein (about 20 grams per serving) from fish, rich in omega-3 fatty acids that support heart health. The corn tortilla adds minimal fat, making this a nutritious, heart-healthy Mexican protein option.
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