Which of the following is a therapuetic drug class for fluconazole?
Antifungal
Antipsychotic
Antilipemic
Antibacterial
The Correct Answer is A
A. Fluconazole is a triazole antifungal agent that selectively inhibits the fungal cytochrome P450 enzyme 14-alpha-demethylase. This inhibition prevents the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, a critical component of the fungal cell membrane. The resulting membrane instability leads to fungistatic activity.
B. Antipsychotic medications typically target dopaminergic or serotonergic receptors in the central nervous system to manage psychosis. Fluconazole lacks affinity for these neural receptors and does not modulate dopamine levels. It is not indicated for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.
C. Antilipemic agents, such as statins, inhibit HMG-CoA reductase to lower systemic cholesterol levels in humans. While fluconazole affects sterol synthesis in fungi, it does not significantly impact human lipid metabolism at therapeutic doses. It is not used to treat hyperlipidemia.
D. Antibacterial drugs target specific prokaryotic structures or processes, such as the 70S ribosome or peptidoglycan cell wall synthesis. Fluconazole is ineffective against bacteria because they do not utilize ergosterol in their membranes. It is strictly categorized as an antifungal agent.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Nystatin is a polyene antifungal medication primarily used to treat candidiasis. It targets fungal cell membranes by binding to ergosterol, creating pores that lead to cell death. It is not the active constituent found in the SF 5000 Plus formulation.
B. SF 5000 Plus is a high-concentration prescription dentifrice containing 1.1% sodium fluoride. It is indicated for the prevention of dental caries and the remineralization of tooth enamel. The designation SF 5000 directly refers to the 5000 parts per million concentration.
C. Chlorhexidine is a biguanide antiseptic used to reduce oral bacteria and treat gingivitis. It functions by disrupting the microbial cell membrane through cationic binding. While used in oral health, it is not the generic component of the SF series.
D. Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial dihydropteroate synthase in the folic acid synthesis pathway. It is typically used for systemic infections like urinary tract infections. It bears no clinical or chemical relationship to the topical fluoride product.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hydrocodone is a semi-synthetic phenanthrene derivative often combined with acetaminophen for moderate pain. It is the active constituent in brands like Vicodin or Norco. It is not the generic moiety found in MS Contin, as they are distinct opioids.
B. MS Contin is the proprietary name for the extended-release formulation of morphine sulfate. It provides controlled delivery of the natural opium alkaloid to the systemic circulation. This formulation is specifically indicated for chronic, severe pain requiring continuous opioid analgesia.
C. Hydromorphone is a highly potent hydrogenated ketone of morphine marketed under the brand Dilaudid. It possesses a different pharmacokinetic profile and higher analgesic potency than morphine. It is not the generic name for the MS Contin product line.
D. Oxycodone is a semi-synthetic opioid agonist found in products such as OxyContin or Percocet. While it is an extended-release opioid, its chemical structure contains a 14-hydroxy group absent in morphine. It is a separate pharmacological entity from MS Contin.
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