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Which of the following is an abnormal constituent of urine?

A.

Urea

B.

Albumin

C.

Sodium

D.

Creatinine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Urea:  Urea is the major nitrogenous waste normally present in urine.
B. Albumin:  Albumin in urine (albuminuria/proteinuria) is abnormal and suggests glomerular damage or increased filtration of plasma proteins.
C. Sodium:  Sodium is a normal urinary electrolyte whose excretion varies with intake and hormonal control.
D. Creatinine:  Creatinine is a normal waste product excreted in urine and used clinically to assess renal function.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Regulating body temperature of the testes:Correct -the scrotum suspends the testes and adjusts their position to keep testicular temperature slightly below core body temperature, which is necessary for optimal sperm production.
B. Storing urine:Incorrect -urine is stored in the urinary bladder, not in the scrotum.
C. Producing sperm: Incorrect -sperm are produced in the seminiferous tubules inside the testes; the scrotum is a protective/powerful thermoregulatory sac, not the sperm-producing tissue.
D. Carrying sperm to the urethra: Incorrect -ducts such as the vas (ductus) deferens carry sperm toward the urethra; the scrotum does not transport sperm.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Enzymes:Enzymes (salivary, gastric, pancreatic, brush-border) mediate chemical digestion by breaking down macromolecules -not mechanical digestion.
B. Peristalsis:Peristalsis is a muscular movement that propels and helps mechanically mix food; it is a form of mechanical digestion/transport.
C. Gastric Juice: Gastric juice (HCl, pepsinogen) contributes to chemical digestion and acidic breakdown of proteins, not mechanical breakdown.
D. Hydrochloric acid: HCl denatures proteins and activates pepsinogen (chemical digestion); it is not a mechanical process.

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