The instructor is assessing a student's understanding of digestive enzymes. Which statement by the student indicates a correct understanding of the salivary amylase enzyme?
"It is an enzyme released into the duodenum."
"It is an enzyme that breaks down the fats in breast milk."
"It is an enzyme that initiates the breakdown of carbohydrates."
"It is an enzyme that breaks down proteins in the stomach."
The Correct Answer is C
A. "It is an enzyme released into the duodenum.": Salivary amylase is secreted into the mouth; pancreatic amylase is released into the duodenum.
B. "It is an enzyme that breaks down the fats in breast milk.": Salivary amylase digests starches (carbohydrates); lingual lipase (and gastric/pancreatic lipases) act on fats.
C. "It is an enzyme that initiates the breakdown of carbohydrates.": Salivary amylase begins starch digestion in the oral cavity by cleaving polysaccharides into smaller sugars.
D. "It is an enzyme that breaks down proteins in the stomach.": Proteolysis in the stomach is primarily by pepsin (a gastric enzyme), not salivary amylase.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Expiratory reserve volume: Expiratory reserve volume is the additional air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation, not the maximum after a maximal inhalation.
B. Inspiratory capacity: Inspiratory capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation (tidal volume + inspiratory reserve), not the total that can be expelled after maximum inspiration.
C. Vital capacity: Vital capacity is the maximum volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after a maximum inspiration (inspiratory reserve + tidal + expiratory reserve) .
D. Tidal volume: Tidal volume is the volume of a normal, resting breath and is far less than the maximum expelled volume.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Tubular secretion involves the reabsorption of substances from the renal tubules into the peritubular capillaries.: That describes reabsorption, the opposite of secretion.
B. Tubular secretion is a passive process that occurs in the glomerulus, allowing the filtration of waste products.: Filtration in the glomerulus is a separate, largely passive process; tubular secretion is an active transport process occurring in the renal tubules.
C. Tubular secretion is the movement of substances from the blood in the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubules.: This correctly describes tubular secretion (e.g., H⁺, K⁺, drugs) .
D. Tubular secretion primarily occurs in the Bowman's capsule, facilitating the selective reabsorption of essential nutrients.: Bowman's capsule is the site of filtration, not tubular secretion; selective reabsorption occurs later in the tubules.
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