Which of the following is the primary function of B cells during antibody-mediated immunity?
Directly attacking and killing infected cells.
Producing antibodies against pathogens.
Regulating the immune response to prevent excessive inflammation.
Recognizing antigens presented by macrophages.
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: B cells are specialized in producing antibodies against specific antigens. When B cells encounter a pathogen or foreign substance with a matching antigen, they become activated and differentiate into plasma cells. Plasma cells then secrete large amounts of antibodies, which can recognize and neutralize the pathogen.
Incorrect choices:
a. B cells do not directly attack and kill infected cells. That role is primarily performed by cytotoxic T cells during cell-mediated immunity.
c. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are responsible for regulating the immune response to prevent excessive inflammation and maintain immune homeostasis.
d. B cells recognize antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells like macrophages, but their primary function is to produce antibodies, not to recognize antigens directly.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T cells) are the effector cells of cell-mediated immunity. Their primary role is to directly recognize and kill infected or abnormal cells, such as virus-infected cells or cancer cells. Cytotoxic T cells release cytotoxic granules containing perforin and granzymes, which induce apoptosis (cell death) in the target cells.
Incorrect choices:
a. Helper T cells, not cytotoxic T cells, recognize antigens presented by macrophages and play a crucial role in activating other immune cells.
b. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies against pathogens during the humoral immune response, not cytotoxic T cells.
d. Regulatory T cells (suppressor T cells) are involved in regulating the immune response to prevent excessive inflammation and tissue damage, not cytotoxic T cells.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks and damages the salivary and lacrimal glands, resulting in dry eyes and dry mouth.
Incorrect choices:
a. Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the joints, causing inflammation and joint damage.
c. Crohn's disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects the gastrointestinal tract, leading to inflammation and ulcers.
d. Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches on the skin, and it is not related to the salivary and lacrimal glands.
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