Which of the following is the primary function of B cells during antibody-mediated immunity?
Directly attacking and killing infected cells.
Producing antibodies against pathogens.
Regulating the immune response to prevent excessive inflammation.
Recognizing antigens presented by macrophages.
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: B cells are specialized in producing antibodies against specific antigens. When B cells encounter a pathogen or foreign substance with a matching antigen, they become activated and differentiate into plasma cells. Plasma cells then secrete large amounts of antibodies, which can recognize and neutralize the pathogen.
Incorrect choices:
a. B cells do not directly attack and kill infected cells. That role is primarily performed by cytotoxic T cells during cell-mediated immunity.
c. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are responsible for regulating the immune response to prevent excessive inflammation and maintain immune homeostasis.
d. B cells recognize antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells like macrophages, but their primary function is to produce antibodies, not to recognize antigens directly.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to identify and respond to foreign substances in the body, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and toxins. Its primary function is to protect the body from infections and other harmful substances.
Incorrect choices:
a. The regulation of body temperature and blood pressure is primarily controlled by the nervous and endocrine systems, not the immune system.
b. Digestion and absorption of nutrients from food are processes mainly controlled by the digestive system, not the immune system.
d. The production of hormones that control bodily functions is primarily the responsibility of the endocrine system, not the immune system.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Explanation: B cells are a type of lymphocyte that produces antibodies against specific antigens. When a B cell encounters an antigen that matches its specific receptor, it becomes activated and differentiates into plasma cells, which are responsible for producing large quantities of antibodies that can target and neutralize the antigen.
Incorrect choices:
b. T cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity and do not produce antibodies. They recognize and directly attack infected or abnormal cells in the body.
c. Macrophages are antigen-presenting cells that engulf and process pathogens to present their antigens to other immune cells. They do not produce antibodies themselves but play a role in initiating the immune response.
d. Natural killer cells are a type of lymphocyte involved in the innate immune response. They do not produce antibodies but can directly kill infected or abnormal cells.
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